多谐波工况下高压并联电容器热稳定温度影响因素研究

孙启明; 祝令瑜; 盖斌

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多谐波工况下高压并联电容器热稳定温度影响因素研究

更新时间：2025-05-08

- 多谐波工况下高压并联电容器热稳定温度影响因素研究
- Research on The Influence Factors of Thermal Stability Temperature of High Voltage Shunt Capacitor under Multi-Harmonics Condition
- 默认刊物名称 2025年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室，西安 710049
  2.西安高压电器研究院股份有限公司，西安 710077
- 作者简介：
  
  孙启明(2000—)，男，博士在读，研究方向为电容器热场分布及失效风险评估(E-mail：sunqiming@stu.xjtu.edu.cn）。
  祝令瑜(1988—)，男，博士，教授，研究方向为滤波电容器振动机理与降噪措施；柔性直流输电MMC子模块状态监测技术；高压直流输电工程主设备状态评价（E-mail：zhuly1026@xjtu.edu.cn）。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家电网公司总部科技项目(5500-202214401A-2-0-ZN);时间(2022.7-2024.12)
- DOI：
  中图分类号： TM41
- 稿件说明：
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孙启明, 祝令瑜, 盖斌. 多谐波工况下高压并联电容器热稳定温度影响因素研究[J/OL]. 默认刊物名称, 2025.

SUN Qiming, ZHU Lingyu, GAI Bin. Research on The Influence Factors of Thermal Stability Temperature of High Voltage Shunt Capacitor under Multi-Harmonics Condition[J/OL]. Moren journal, 2025.
孙启明, 祝令瑜, 盖斌. 多谐波工况下高压并联电容器热稳定温度影响因素研究[J/OL]. 默认刊物名称, 2025. DOI：

SUN Qiming, ZHU Lingyu, GAI Bin. Research on The Influence Factors of Thermal Stability Temperature of High Voltage Shunt Capacitor under Multi-Harmonics Condition[J/OL]. Moren journal, 2025. DOI：

摘要

谐波将引起高压并联电容器损耗增大，导致设备发热严重，影响高压并联电容器安全稳定运行。现有研究对电容器热稳定温度随谐波组合的影响规律研究较少，且不能准确获得内部温度。通过对变电站内电容器运行数据进行测量分析，获得电容器的实际运行工况中奇次谐波含量高。基于此，为并联电容器施加多种奇次谐波，以模拟实际运行工况，采用恒电流法对高压并联电容器开展热稳定试验，在被试电容器外部和内部分别安装温度传感器，测量不同工况下电容器的外壳温度和心子温度。试验结果显示，在单频次电流激励下，热稳定温度随频率先降低后增加。对高压并联电容器的介质损耗和导体损耗进行分析，掌握谐波频次及组合对电容器热点温度的影响规律。在低频段，谐波频率升高会导致电压降低，进而引起介质损耗降低，电容器热稳定温度降低；在中高频段，介质损耗受频率影响较小，频率升高将导致金属导体产生趋肤效应，引起导体损耗增加，导致电容器热稳定温度升高。研究结果可为电容器的温度场优化设计提供理论依据。

Abstract

Harmonic currents increase losses in high-voltage shunt capacitors

causing significant heating and compromising safe operation. Existing research offers limited insights into how harmonic combinations affect capacitor thermal stability and lacks precise methods for determining internal temperatures. Based on the observations

multiple odd harmonics were applied to the shunt capacitors to simulate actual operating condition

and thermal stability tests were conducted using a constant current method. Temperature sensors are installed on the outside and inside respectively to measure the shell temperature and core temperature under different working conditions. The experimental results indicated that under single-frequency current

the thermal stability temperature initially decreases and then increases as the frequency rises. By analyzing the dielectric and conductor losses of the high voltage shunt capacitors

the study elucidates the effects of harmonic frequencies and their combinations on the hot spot temperatures of the capacitors. At lower frequency ranges

an increase in harmonic frequency leads to a voltage drop

which reduces dielectric losses and

consequently

lowers the thermal stability temperature of the capacitors. In the medium-to-high frequency ranges

dielectric losses are less affected by frequency

but the increased frequency induces the skin effect in the metal conductors

resulting in higher conductor losses and a subsequent rise in the thermal stability temperature of the capacitors. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing the thermal field design of capacitors.

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references

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