超/特高压GIS绝缘可靠性提升研究综述

陈刚; 郭冲; 李平; 冯英; 葛栋; 张鹏飞; 黄河; 许渊

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超/特高压GIS绝缘可靠性提升研究综述

更新时间：2025-06-18

- 超/特高压GIS绝缘可靠性提升研究综述
- Review on Insulation Reliability Improvement of EHV/UHV GIS
- 高压电器 2025年页码：1-12
- 作者机构：
  
  1.国家山东省电力公司，济南　 250001
  2.中国电力科学研究院有限公司，北京　 100192
  3.国家电网有限公司，北京　 100032
- 作者简介：
  
  陈刚（1972—），男，学士，高级工程师，研究方向为超/特高压GIS绝缘可靠性提升。
  郭冲（1992—），男，博士，工程师，研究方向为超/特高压GIS绝缘可靠性提升（E-mail：）。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家电网有限公司总部科技项目(5500-202355793A-3-8-KJ)
- DOI：
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版日期：
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
陈刚, 郭冲, 李平, 等. 超/特高压GIS绝缘可靠性提升研究综述[J/OL]. 高压电器, 2025,1-12.

CHEN Gang, GUO Chong, LI Ping, et al. Review on Insulation Reliability Improvement of EHV/UHV GIS[J/OL]. High voltage apparatus, 2025, 1-12.
陈刚, 郭冲, 李平, 等. 超/特高压GIS绝缘可靠性提升研究综述[J/OL]. 高压电器, 2025,1-12. DOI：

CHEN Gang, GUO Chong, LI Ping, et al. Review on Insulation Reliability Improvement of EHV/UHV GIS[J/OL]. High voltage apparatus, 2025, 1-12. DOI：

摘要

超/特高压GIS绝缘故障率升高，严重威胁电力系统的安全稳定运行，其绝缘可靠性提升已经成为普遍关注和亟待解决的重大问题。文中从GIS放电原因与防控措施、真型试验及设计改进、缺陷识别与监测预警等方面入手，综述了超/特高压GIS绝缘可靠性提升的关键措施与研究进展：产品设计方面，超/特高压GIS设计与工艺匹配度不足，未充分考虑工艺实施、运输及运行等因素，造成盆式绝缘子表面积聚异物、合闸片破损等问题；零部件制造工艺与检验方面，GIS关键组部件质量管控不严与卡脖子问题并存，常规的工频耐压、局部放电、冲击耐压等静态耐压试验可以在一定程度上检出绝缘缺陷，但对潜伏性缺陷存在检测盲区，绝缘考核的针对性和灵敏度有待提升；带电检测方面，现行的GIS局部放电在线监测策略对绝缘沿面缺陷的检出率较低，偶发性局部放电的检测往往被忽略，导致故障预警的及时性与准确性不高，采用“偶发性局部放电+X射线+高灵敏组分”相结合的检测技术可以有效提升故障预警的成功率。进一步需要推进全寿命周期异物产生与放电机理研究，深化GIS绝缘设计与微粒抑制技术，提升绝缘试验对缺陷检出的有效性，同时加快GIS关键组部件质量提升及国产化，提高GIS故障预警能力，并在此基础上构建GIS全寿命周期健康评估能力，切实提升超/特高压GIS绝缘可靠性。

Abstract

The insulation failure rate of EHV/UHV GIS increases

seriously threatening the safe and stable operation of the power system. The improvement of its insulation reliability has become a significant problem of widespread concern and urgent solution. In this paper

the causes and prevention measures of GIS discharge

true type test and design improvement

defect identification

monitoring and warning are reviewed

and the relevant measures and research progress of improving the insulation reliability of EHV/UHV GIS are summarized: the design and technique of EHV/UHV GIS do not match well in product design. Factors such as technique implementation

transportation and operation are not fully considered

which can cause problems such as accumulation of foreign bodies on the surface of basin insulators and breakage of closing resistors. The quality control of GIS key components is not strict and the bottleneck problem exists in components manufacturing process and inspection. Conventional static insulation withstand voltage test

such as power-frequency withstand voltage

partial discharge

impulse withstand voltage

can detect insulation defects to a certain extent. However

there are blind spots in detecting latent defects

and the pertinence and sensitivity of insulation assessment need to be improved. The current GIS partial discharge on-line monitoring strategy has a low detection rate of insulation surface defects in live detection. The detection of episodic partial discharge is often neglected

which results in the timeliness and accuracy of fault warning in operation. The success rate of fault warning can be improved effectively by using the detection technology combining episodic partial discharge

X-ray and highly sensitive components. Further

it is necessary to promote the research on the mechanism of foreign body generation and discharge in life cycle

deepen the GIS insulation design and particle suppression technology

improve the effectiveness of insulation test on defect detection

accelerate the quality improvement and localization of key GIS components

improve the GIS fault warning capability

and build the GIS health assessment capability in life cycle on this basis. Improve the reliability of EHV/UHV GIS insulation.

关键词

Keywords

references

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