雷击燃弧瞬态过程中真空阳极触头烧蚀分析及优化
Analysis and Optimization of Vacuum Anode Contact Erosion during Lightning Arc Transient Process
- 高压电器 2026年
- 作者机构：
1.三峡大学电气与新能源学院，湖北 宜昌 443002
2.华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院，武汉 430074
- 作者简介：
丁 璨(1982—)，男，博士，讲师，主要从事高压开关电器的实验、仿真及理论计算。(E-mail：dingcan@ctgu.edu.cn)
王广凯(2001—)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事高压开关电器烧蚀和磨损的仿真和理论计算。(E-mail：wangguangkai@ctgu.edu.cn)
- 基金信息：国家自然科学基金(52177143)
DOI：
中图分类号：收稿：2025-05-24，
修回：2025-07-28，
录用：2025-07-30，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
丁璨, 王广凯, 师玉东, 等. 雷击燃弧瞬态过程中真空阳极触头烧蚀分析及优化[J/OL]. 高压电器, 2026.
DING Can, WANG Guangkai, SHI Yudong, et al. Analysis and Optimization of Vacuum Anode Contact Erosion during Lightning Arc Transient Process[J/OL]. High VoltageApparatus, 2026.
摘要
灭弧室作为真空断路器的核心部件，其抗电弧烧蚀特性决定着断路器的开断性能与寿命。为此文中构建了一种考虑阳极熔池流动的雷击燃弧触头烧蚀模型，以不同电流强度作为输入条件来模拟燃弧瞬态过程，总结了电流大小在雷击燃弧瞬态过程中对阳极烧蚀的影响规律，深入剖析不同电流强度对阳极热过程产生的影响。随后在此模型的基础上设计了中心复合实验，并提出了基于神经网络与NSGA-II算法相结合的触头材料成分优化方法确定铜基多元触头材料的最优成分，最终确定触头材料含量的最优质量比为Cu为77.13%，Cr=5.86%，W=10.69%，Ag=5.93%，Graphene=0.39%，优化前后质量损失和烧蚀轴向速度分别降低50.2%和41.3%，最高温度降低5.63%。该研究为真空灭弧室新型触头材料开发提供理论依据和技术支持。
Abstract
As the core component of vacuum circuit breakers
the arc resistance and ablation characteristics of the arc extinguishing chamber determine the breaking performance and service life of the circuit breaker. Therefore
in this paper
a lightning arc contact ablation model considering the flow of the anode molten pool is constructed. Different current intensities are used as input conditions to simulate the transient process of arc burning. The influence law of current size on anode ablation in the transient process of lightning arc burning is summarized
and the influence of different current intensities on the anode thermal process is deeply analyzed. Subsequently
a central composite experiment is designed based on this model
and a contact material composition optimization method based on the combination of neural network and NSGA-II algorithm is proposed to determine the optimal composition of copper-based multi-component contact materials. Finally
the optimal mass ratio of contact material content was determined as Cu 77.13%
Cr=5.86%
W=10.69%. Ag=5.93%
Graphene=0.39%. Before and after optimization
the mass loss and axial ablation velocity decreased by 50.2% and 41.3% respectively
and the maximum temperature decreased by 5.63%. This research provides theoretical basis and technical support for the development of new contact materials for vacuum arc extinguishing chambers.
关键词
Keywords
references
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