基于协同仿真与赫兹理论的真空断路器凸轮优化设计

郭良超; 王文博; 柴子元; 孙钢钢; 郑志鑫; 汪泽栋

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基于协同仿真与赫兹理论的真空断路器凸轮优化设计

研究与分析 | 更新时间：2026-08-27

- 基于协同仿真与赫兹理论的真空断路器凸轮优化设计
- Optimization Design of Vacuum Circuit Breaker Cam Based on Collaborative Simulation and Hertz Contact Theory
- 高压电器 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  平高集团有限公司，河南平顶山 467000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  河南省重大科技专项项目(231100240200)
- DOI：
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-05-14，
  
  修回：2026-06-24，
  
  录用：2026-08-10，
- 稿件说明：
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郭良超, 王文博, 柴子元, 等. 基于协同仿真与赫兹理论的真空断路器凸轮优化设计[J/OL]. 高压电器, 2026.

GUO Liangchao, WANG Wenbo, CHAI Ziyuan, et al. Optimization Design of Vacuum Circuit Breaker Cam Based on Collaborative Simulation and Hertz Contact Theory[J/OL]. High VoltageApparatus, 2026.
郭良超, 王文博, 柴子元, 等. 基于协同仿真与赫兹理论的真空断路器凸轮优化设计[J/OL]. 高压电器, 2026. DOI：

GUO Liangchao, WANG Wenbo, CHAI Ziyuan, et al. Optimization Design of Vacuum Circuit Breaker Cam Based on Collaborative Simulation and Hertz Contact Theory[J/OL]. High VoltageApparatus, 2026. DOI：

摘要

随着真空断路器电压等级提升，弹簧操动机构凸轮动态接触载荷增大，接触疲劳失效风险上升。传统凸轮设计多将接触强度作为后验校核指标，缺乏动态接触应力反馈驱动的轮廓优化机制。为此，提出一种基于协同仿真与赫兹接触理论的凸轮轮廓优化方法。以 NURBS 曲线控制点为设计变量，以最大动态接触应力最小化为优化目标，并以接触强度准则和机构运动约束为边界条件，建立凸轮轮廓优化模型，采用序列二次规划算法实现 Adams-Matlab协同迭代求解。以252 kV真空断路器为例进行验证，结果表明：优化后最大接触应力由1287.8 MPa 降至1019.6 MPa，降幅20.8%；最大法向接触力由87.1 kN降至72.8 kN，降幅16.4%；最大工作压力角和从动件角加速度均有所降低，凸轮传动特性得到改善。经10 000次机械寿命试验后，凸轮工作表面未出现点蚀、剥落和异常磨损。结果表明，该方法可在保证合闸机械特性的同时降低凸轮动态接触应力，为高压真空断路器关键传动部件的可靠性优化设计提供参考。

Abstract

With the increasing voltage level of vacuum circuit breakers

the dynamic contact load on the cam of the spring operating mechanism increases

raising the risk of contact fatigue failure. Conventional cam design usually treats contact strength as a post-checking index and lacks profile optimization driven by dynamic contact stress feedback. To address this issue

a closing profile optimization method based on co-simulation and Hertz contact theory is proposed. NURBS control points are used as design variables

the maximum dynamic contact stress is minimized

and contact strength criteria and mechanism motion constraints are imposed. The optimization model is solved by sequential quadratic programming within an Adams-MATLAB co-simulation framework. A 252 kV vacuum circuit breaker is used for verification. The results show that the maximum contact stress decreases from 1287.8 MPa to 1019.6 MPa

and the maximum normal contact force decreases from 87.1 kN to 72.8 kN

with reductions of 20.8% and 16.4%

respectively. The maximum operating pressure angle and follower angular acceleration are also reduced

indicating improved cam transmission characteristics. After 10 000 mechanical endurance cycles

no pitting

peeling

or abnormal wear is observed on the cam working surface. The proposed method reduces the dynamic contact stress while ensuring closing mechanical characteristics

providing a reference for reliability optimization of key transmission components in high-voltage vacuum circuit breakers.

关键词

Keywords

references

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