接触故障条件下12 kV开关柜的温升实验与仿真研究

王立军; 吕文卿; 马信友; 王聪; 张闻哲

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.011

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接触故障条件下12 kV开关柜的温升实验与仿真研究

研究与分析 | 更新时间：2026-07-06

- 接触故障条件下12 kV开关柜的温升实验与仿真研究
- Temperature Rise Experiment and Simulation Research on 12 kV Switchgear Cabinet Under Contact Fault Conditions
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第7期页码：112-121
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室，西安 710049
- 作者简介：
  
  王立军（1975—），男，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向为开关电器电弧理论及其应用、电力设备数字化设计及智能运维、放电等离子体技术及其应用（通信作者）（E-mail:lijunwang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn）。
  吕文卿（2000—），女，硕士，主要研究方向为电力设备仿真。
- 基金信息：
  
  电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室自主研究课题。State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Fund.(EIPE22125)
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.011
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-12-11，
  
  修回：2026-02-04，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-16
- 稿件说明：
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王立军, 吕文卿, 马信友, 等. 接触故障条件下12 kV开关柜的温升实验与仿真研究[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(7):112-121.

WANG Lijun, LYU Wenqing, MA Xinyou, et al. Temperature Rise Experiment and Simulation Research on 12 kV Switchgear Cabinet Under Contact Fault Conditions[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(7): 112-121.
王立军, 吕文卿, 马信友, 等. 接触故障条件下12 kV开关柜的温升实验与仿真研究[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(7):112-121. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.011.

WANG Lijun, LYU Wenqing, MA Xinyou, et al. Temperature Rise Experiment and Simulation Research on 12 kV Switchgear Cabinet Under Contact Fault Conditions[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(7): 112-121. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.011.

摘要

中压开关柜是电力系统中的重要保护设备，而温升超标是开关柜运行过程中频发的故障之一。文中以12 kV中压开关柜为研究对象，进行温升实验与仿真，研究开关柜在梅花触头、真空灭弧室内的动静触头这两处发生接触故障时的温升特性。文中研究了风机开启对开关柜各个部位温升与接触压力、接触方式、接触材料对开关柜温升的影响。研究结果表明：风机降温效果显著，且上静触头温升受风机的影响较大；由于镀银层磨损、梅花触头两侧弹簧疲劳与有效触指数量减少导致的梅花触头接触故障，均会造成开关柜温升增大，温度最高点位于真空灭弧室触头位置，但各个部位的温升增长幅度不同，当接触压力减小时，不同接触方式和接触材料对接触电阻的影响不同，因此梅花触头断路器侧弹簧断裂相较于母排侧造成的温升增长幅度更大；当动静触头处接触压力减小时，故障处的温升增长最为显著，上述特性可为初步判断故障发生部位提供参考。文中可以为开关设备的优化设计以及电力系统的安全运行提供理论借鉴。

Abstract

Medium voltage switchgear cabinet is an important protection equipment in power system

and excessive temperature rise is one of the frequent faults during its operation. In this paper the 12 kV medium-voltage switchgear cabinet is taken as the research object to carry out temperature rise experiments and simulations

and study the temperature rise characteristics of the switchgear cabinet in the contact failure of the tulip contact

the moving and the fixed contact in the vacuum interrupter. Also

in this paper the influence of fan activation on temperature rise of various parts switchgear cabinet

as well as the influence of conatct pressure

contact method and contact material on the temperature rise of the switchgear are analyzed. The research results show that the cooling effect of the fan is remarkable

and the temperature rise of the upper fixed contact is greatly affected by the fan. Due to the wear of the silver plating layer

the contact falure of tulip contact by spring fatigue on both sides of the tulip contact and the reduction of the effective contact finger can cause the temperature rise of the switchgear cabinet to increase.The highest temperature point is located in the the position of vacuum interrupter contac and

however

the temperature rise increase of each part is different. When the contact pressure is reduced

different contact methods and contact materials have different influence on the contact resistance

so the spring fracture on the tulip contact circuit breaker side is greater than the temperature rise increase caused by the busbar side. When the contact pressure at the moving and fixed contacts decreases

the temperature rise increaseat the fault site increases most significantly and the above characteristics can provide a reference for preliminary judgment of the fault position. This research can provide theoretical reference for optimal design of switchgear cabinet and safe operation of power system.

关键词

Keywords

references

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