基于组分传输的开关柜触头过热示踪气体扩散特征分析

田大鹏; 李小晖; 孙永发; 杨俊俊; 庞伟生; 郑永燕; 李亮; 齐晓霞

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.013

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基于组分传输的开关柜触头过热示踪气体扩散特征分析

研究与分析 | 更新时间：2026-07-06

- 基于组分传输的开关柜触头过热示踪气体扩散特征分析
- Analysis of Trace Gas Diffusion Characteristics for Overheating of Switchgear Cabinet Contacts Based on Components Transmission Theory
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第7期页码：129-137
- 作者机构：
  
  国网青海省电力公司海北供电公司，青海海晏 812200
- 作者简介：
  
  田大鹏（1973—），男，高级工程师，主要研究方向为电力系统及其自动化（E-mail:13997236979@163.com）。
  李小晖（1984—），男，高级工程师，主要研究方向为继电保护（Email:286415319@qq.com）。
  孙永发（1984—），男，高级工程师，主要研究方向为电力系统及其自动化（通信作者）（E-mail:83717101@qq.com）。
  杨俊俊（1987—），男，高级工程师，主要研究方向为继电保护（Email:137854685@qq.com）。
  庞伟生（1975—），男，高级工程师，主要研究方向为电力系统及其自动化（E-mail:pwsheng2712@what.sgcc.com.cn）。
  郑永燕（1984—），女，高级工程师，主要研究方向为电力系统及其自动化（Email:13619705896@139.com）。
  李亮（1985—），男，本工程师，主要研究方向为输变电设备运检（E-mail:hb13619705657@163.com）。
  齐晓霞（1988—），女，本工程师，主要研究方向为电力调度（Email:7943153879@qq.com）。
- 基金信息：
  
  国网青海省电力公司科技项目资助;Science and Technology Project of State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Company(52280520005K)
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.013
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-01-22，
  
  修回：2026-04-05，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-16
- 稿件说明：
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田大鹏, 李小晖, 孙永发, 等. 基于组分传输的开关柜触头过热示踪气体扩散特征分析[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(7):129-137.

TIAN Dapeng, LI Xiaohui, SUN Yongfa, et al. Analysis of Trace Gas Diffusion Characteristics for Overheating of Switchgear Cabinet Contacts Based on Components Transmission Theory[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(7): 129-137.
田大鹏, 李小晖, 孙永发, 等. 基于组分传输的开关柜触头过热示踪气体扩散特征分析[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(7):129-137. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.013.

TIAN Dapeng, LI Xiaohui, SUN Yongfa, et al. Analysis of Trace Gas Diffusion Characteristics for Overheating of Switchgear Cabinet Contacts Based on Components Transmission Theory[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(7): 129-137. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.013.

摘要

采用热敏标签和气体传感器能够为开关柜触头过热故障提供一种准确、可靠和实用的监测手段，有助于及早发现并防止触头过热可能引发的开关柜事故。为确定该监测方法中气体传感器的最优布局，文中基于组分传输理论建立了开关柜手车触头涡流—温度—流体多物理场耦合数值模型。采用导电桥模拟触头接触不良缺陷，通过求解组分传输方程来模拟过热触头表面示踪气体He在开关柜手车室内的扩散过程，从而确定气体传感器的空间布局和响应时间，并通过物理模拟试验验证了所建立的算法和模型的有效性。研究结果表明：开关柜内任一梅花触头出现过热故障时，热敏标签释放的示踪气体在自然对流作用下在开关柜内扩散，通过在B相触头正上方且距离开关柜顶端0.5m处安装一个气体传感器，即可在短时间内响应开关柜内各梅花触头热敏标签释放的示踪气体的浓度变化并报警。文中工作为基于热敏标签和气体传感器的开关柜手车触头过热故障监测及预警方案提供了依据，有利于开关柜设备和配电网的安全可靠运行。

Abstract

The use of thermal labels and gas sensor can provide an accurate

reliable and practical monitoring means for the contact overheating of switchgear cabinet

which helps in early detection and prevents accident of switchgear cabinet due to overheating of contact. For determining the optimal layout of the gas sensor in the monitoring method， the eddy current-temperature-fluid multiple couple numerical model of the contact of the switchgear cabinet is set up based on the component transmission theory in this paper. The conductive bridge is used to simulate the weak contact defect of the contacts

and the diffusion process of trace gas He from the overheating contact surface inside the switch cabinet is simulated by solving the gas species transportation equation

thereby the spatial layout and response time of the gas sensor are defined

and the effectiveness of the established algorithm and model is verified by physical experiment. The study results show that in case of overheating of any tulip contact in the switchgear cabinet

the trace gas released from thermal label spreads in the switchgear cabinet under natural convection process. Installation of a gas sensor directly above the contact of phase B and 0.5 m from top of the switchgear cabinet can respond to the concentration variation of trace gas from each tulip contact and make alarm in a short time. This work done in this paper has provided a basis for the overheating fault monitoring and early warning of the contact of the switchgear cabinet handcart which is based on the thermal labels and gas sensor

which is helpful for safe and reliable operation of switchgear cabinet and power distribution network.

关键词

Keywords

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