变电站接地网接地散流与热稳定性仿真计算研究

张建伟; 毛惠卿; 安韵竹; 高涛; 陈翼; 穆明亮

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.08.021

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变电站接地网接地散流与热稳定性仿真计算研究

研究与分析 | 更新时间：2026-08-12

- 变电站接地网接地散流与热稳定性仿真计算研究
- Simulation Calculation Study of Ground Dispersion and Thermal Stability for Substation Grounding Grid
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第8期页码：171-179
- 作者机构：
  
  山东理工大学电气与电子工程学院，山东淄博 255000
  国网山东省电力公司滨州供电公司，山东滨州 256600
- 作者简介：
  
  张建伟（1998—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为电力系统过电压及其防护、电工新材料及其应用技术、电磁兼容等。
  安韵竹（1988—），女，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，主要研究方向为介质放电、电力系统防灾减灾、电磁兼容等领域（通信作者）（Email：anyunzhu2006@163.com）。
- 基金信息：
  
  国网山东省电力公司科技项目基金资助;Science and Technology Project Fund of State Grid Shandong ELectric Power Company(SGTYHT/21JS225520615220001)
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.08.021
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-01-06，
  
  修回：2026-03-17，
  
  纸质出版：2026-08-16
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张建伟, 毛惠卿, 安韵竹, 等. 变电站接地网接地散流与热稳定性仿真计算研究[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(8):171-179.

ZHANG Jianwei, MAO Huiqing, AN Yunzhu, et al. Simulation Calculation Study of Ground Dispersion and Thermal Stability for Substation Grounding Grid[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(8): 171-179.
张建伟, 毛惠卿, 安韵竹, 等. 变电站接地网接地散流与热稳定性仿真计算研究[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(8):171-179. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.08.021.

ZHANG Jianwei, MAO Huiqing, AN Yunzhu, et al. Simulation Calculation Study of Ground Dispersion and Thermal Stability for Substation Grounding Grid[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(8): 171-179. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.08.021.

摘要

柔性石墨复合接地材料作为一种非金属防腐接地材料在输电线路杆塔的接地散流与防腐方面有良好的表现，但在变电站的应用中，柔性石墨复合接地材料在故障电流入地时存在熔断的风险。针对柔性石墨材料在变电站中的应用，文中采用Comsol Multiphysics仿真软件搭建仿真模型，对比分析柔性石墨接地网与传统金属接地网的散流特性与温升特性，分析入地电流幅值、土壤特性与入地位置对接地网散流特性与热稳定性的影响。仿真结果表明：在雷击作用时，柔性石墨接地网与传统金属接地网的散流效果相近，雷电流入地时不存在熔断风险，地表电位主要集中在入地点附近；在工频短路电流作用下，土壤参数对柔性石墨接地网温升的影响不明显，入地点越接近接地网边缘温升越高，接地网的引下线部分最高温度接近300℃，超出柔性石墨接地材料的热稳定阈值，因此为保证接地网的安全稳定运行需对引下线进行改进。文中研究结论可为变电站接地网中非金属柔性石墨复合接地材料的应用提供理论参考。

Abstract

Flexible graphite composite grounding material

as a non-metallic anti-corrosion grounding material

exhibits good performance in ground dispersion and corrosion protection for transmission line towers. However

when fault current flows into the grund within substation application

it is at risk of fusing. Aiming at the application of flexible graphite materials in substations

in this paper the Comsol Multiphysics simulation software is used to set up a simulation model

the scattering characteristics and temperature rise characteristics of flexible graphite grounding grid and traditional metal grounding grid are compared and analyzed

and the influence of ground current amplitude

soil characteristics and ground entry position on the scattering characteristics and thermal stability of the grounding grid is analyzed. The simulation results show that

in case of lightning strike

the scattering effect of the flexible graphite grounding grid and traditional metal grounding grid is similar

there is no risk of fusing when the lightning current enters into the ground

and the surface potential is mainly concentrated near the entry point. In case of power frequency short-circuit current

the influence of soil parameters on the temperature rise of flexible graphite grounding grid is not obvious. The closer the entry point is to the edge of the grounding grid

the higher the temperature rise

and the maximum temperature of the down conductor part of the grounding grid is close to 300℃

exceeding the thermal stability threshold of the flexible graphite grounding materials. Terefore it is necessry to improve the down conductor in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the grounding grid. The research conclusion in this paper can provide a theoretical reference for the application of non-metallic flexible graphite compos ites in substation grounding grid.

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