地质活动对长距离高落差GIS/GIL形变特性的影响规律

赵佳艺; 李平; 谭晓蕾; 李翔; 张乔根; 吴治诚

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.003

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地质活动对长距离高落差GIS/GIL形变特性的影响规律

高压开关与GIS/GIL设备技术 | 更新时间：2026-09-10

- 地质活动对长距离高落差GIS/GIL形变特性的影响规律
- Influence of Geological Activity on Deformation Characteristics of GIS/GIL with Long-distance and Large Elevation Difference
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第9期页码：21-32
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学高能高功率脉冲电源全国重点实验室，西安 710049
  国家电网公司，北京 100031
- 作者简介：
  
  赵佳艺（2004—），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为GIL外壳的形变响应特性（E-mail：2215122505@stu.xjtu.edu.cn）。
  吴治诚（1993—），男，博士，副教授，博导，主要从事GIS/GIL设备绝缘可靠性评估提升及先进电工环氧材料制备与研发的研究工作（通信作者）（E-mail：hvzcwu@xjtu.edu.cn）。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家电网有限公司科技项目;Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(5500-202355794A-3-8-KJ)
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.003
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-03-22，
  
  修回：2026-05-21，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-16
- 稿件说明：
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赵佳艺, 李平, 谭晓蕾, 等. 地质活动对长距离高落差GIS/GIL形变特性的影响规律[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(9):21-32.

ZHAO Jiayi, LI Ping, TAN Xiaolei, et al. Influence of Geological Activity on Deformation Characteristics of GIS/GIL with Long-distance and Large Elevation Difference[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(9): 21-32.
赵佳艺, 李平, 谭晓蕾, 等. 地质活动对长距离高落差GIS/GIL形变特性的影响规律[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(9):21-32. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.003.

ZHAO Jiayi, LI Ping, TAN Xiaolei, et al. Influence of Geological Activity on Deformation Characteristics of GIS/GIL with Long-distance and Large Elevation Difference[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(9): 21-32. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.003.

摘要

在高海拔、高落差等地形复杂区域，地热、地质沉降及地震等地质活动会使气体绝缘开关设备（GIS）与气体绝缘输电线路（GIL）的形变与受力特性显著复杂化，严重时引发开裂或塑性变形，威胁气体绝缘输电系统安全运行。以550 kV GIL为例，构建水平段、竖井段、斜井段及弯管段基本单元，建立竖直落差100 m、东西相距40 m、南北相距20 m的长距离高落差整体管道模型，将3类活动分别等效为温度荷载、管道土壤接触点强制形变荷载及各向惯性加速度荷载，经多工况静态求解得到各节点形变。研究表明，地热作用下直线段轴向形变随温度近似线性增长，65℃时最大达70 mm，斜井段超40℃后顶部出现过应力；地质沉降下水平段轴向形变基本不变而竖向形变随沉降增大，整体模型在沉降由15 mm增至16 mm时出现形变突变；地震下垂直段最大形变达12.77 mm，远超水平段的0.2 mm，弯管结构表现出明显的减震与荷载分散作用。在此基础上，基于熵权法探讨了膨胀节的较优安装位置，高温下中部水平段布置改善效果较好。研究揭示了不同地质活动下GIS/GIL形变响应的规律差异，可为复杂地形下GIS/GIL的结构设计与运行安全评估提供参考。

Abstract

In topographically complex regions characterized by high altitude and large elevation difference

such geological activities as geothermal effects

geological subsidence

and earthquakes can substantially complicate the deformation and stress characteristics of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear(GIS)and gas-insulated transmission line(GIL)and

in severe cases

induce cracking or plastic deformation

thereby threatening the safe operation of gas-insulated transmission systems. In this paper

a 550 kV GIL is taken as a case study

the basic units comprising horizontal sections

vertical shaft sections

inclined shaft sections

and elbow sections are constructed

and an integrated long-distance

high-elevation difference pipeline model is established with a vertical elevation difference of 100 m

an east-west span of 40 m

and a north-south span of 20 m. The three categories of geological activity are respectively equivalent to thermal loads

forced-deformation loads applied at pipeline-soil contact points and multi directional inertial acceleration loads. The nodal deformations are then obtained through static solutions under multiple operating conditions. The results indicate that under geothermal action the axial deformation of straight sections increases approximately linearly with temperature

reaching a maximum of 70 mm at 65℃

while the top of the inclined shaft section exhibits overstress beyond 40°C. Under geological subsidence

the axial deformation of horizontal sections remains essentially unchanged whereas the vertical deformation increases with subsidence

and the integrated model exhibits an abrupt deformation transition as subsidence increases from 15 mm to 16 mm. Under seismic action

the maximum deformation of vertical sections reaches 12.77 mm

far exceeding the 0.2 mm observed in horizontal sections

and the elbow structures demonstrate a pronounced effect in vibration mitigation and load distribution. On this basis

the optimal installation position of the bellow is investigated using the entropy weight method.The results indicate that arranging the bellow in the middle horizontal section yields better improvement under hightemperature conditions. This study reveals the differences in the deformation response patterns of GIS/GIL under various geological activities

which can provide a reference for structural design and operational safety assessment of GIS/GIL in complex terrain conditions.

关键词

Keywords

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