不同磁场方式下真空开关电弧电压特性及其直流开断性能研究

李强; 刘伟; 张延超; 刘剑; 付宸; 马慧

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.005

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不同磁场方式下真空开关电弧电压特性及其直流开断性能研究

高压开关与GIS/GIL设备技术 | 更新时间：2026-09-10

- 不同磁场方式下真空开关电弧电压特性及其直流开断性能研究
- Research on Arc Voltage Characteristics and Direct Current Interruption Performance of Vacuum Switch with Different Magnetic Field Configurations
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第9期页码：43-49,59
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电气工程学院，西安 710049
  西安西电高压开关有限责任公司，西安 710000
- 作者简介：
  
  李强（1983—），男，正高级工程师，硕士，主要研究方向为高压电器产品及技术（通信作者）（E-mail：hisnelee@163.com）。
  刘伟（1980—），男，高级工程师，本科，主要研究方向为高压电器产品及技术（E-mail：huzi13145@163.com）。
- 基金信息：
  
  智能电网重大专项（2030）资助;Smart Grid-national Science and Technology Major Project Under Grant(2030)(2024ZD0802500)
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.005
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-03-21，
  
  修回：2026-05-21，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-16
- 稿件说明：
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李强, 刘伟, 张延超, 等. 不同磁场方式下真空开关电弧电压特性及其直流开断性能研究[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(9):43-49,59.

LI Qiang, LIU Wei, ZHANG Yanchao, et al. Research on Arc Voltage Characteristics and Direct Current Interruption Performance of Vacuum Switch with Different Magnetic Field Configurations[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(9): 43-49,59.
李强, 刘伟, 张延超, 等. 不同磁场方式下真空开关电弧电压特性及其直流开断性能研究[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(9):43-49,59. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.005.

LI Qiang, LIU Wei, ZHANG Yanchao, et al. Research on Arc Voltage Characteristics and Direct Current Interruption Performance of Vacuum Switch with Different Magnetic Field Configurations[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(9): 43-49,59. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.005.

摘要

文中研究不同磁场方式下真空电弧电压特性及其直流开断性能，获得不同磁场方式对真空电弧直流开断性能和燃弧过程中电弧电压变化的影响规律。实验研究了不同磁场方式作用下真空电弧的直流开断性能，结果表明在脉振横向磁场作用下的平板触头直流开断能力最强，最大可开断DC为900 V/900 A；在脉振横向磁场作用下的平板触头成功直流开断DC为400 V/400 A；在纵磁触头与螺旋槽触头条件下，直流开断能力较弱，无法开断直流电流。研究对比了不同磁场方式作用下真空电弧开断过程电弧电压变化规律，结果表明横向磁场作用下的真空直流开断过程中的电弧电压具有很强的不稳定性，易发生剧烈的振荡。横磁类型触头的电弧电压在燃弧过程中发生了剧烈振荡，特别是外施横磁平板触头在8 kA电流条件下电弧电压振荡幅值最高可达250 V。

Abstract

In this paper the arc voltage characteristics and DC performance of vacuum arcs under different magnetic field configurations are researched

and the influence patterns of various magnetic field configurations on the DC interruption capability and arc voltage evolution during arcing process are obtained. The DC interruption performance of vacuum arcs under different magnetic filed configurations is experimentally investigated. The results show that the falt-type contact subjected to a pulse transverse magnetic field exhibits the strongest DC interruption capability

achieving a maximum interruption capacity of 900V/900 A. Under the action of a pulsating transverse magnetic field

the flat contact configuration successfully achieves DC interruption at 400 V/400 A. In contrast

DC interruption capability of both the axial magnetic field contac and the spiral-groove contacts exhibit weak inferior DC interruption capabilities and are unable to interrupt DC current. The variation of arc voltage during vacuum arc interruption under diverse magnetic field configurations are compared and analyzed. The result shows that the arc voltage during DC vacuum interruption under transverse magnetic field presents severe instability and is prone to intense oscillations. Violent oscillations occur in the arc voltage of transverse magnetic field contacts throughout the arcing period. In particular

for flat contacts with externally applied transverse magnetic field under a current of 8 kA

the peak oscillation amplitude of arc voltage reaches up to 250 V.

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