高压断路器数字化样机技术

黄镭; 耿英三; 王建华; 张国钢; 刘志远

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.007

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高压断路器数字化样机技术

高压开关与GIS/GIL设备技术 | 更新时间：2026-09-10

- 高压断路器数字化样机技术
- Review for Digital Prototype Technology of High-voltage Circuit Breakers
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第9期页码：60-68,78
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室，西安 710049
- 作者简介：
  
  黄镭（1995—），男，博士研究生，主要研究方向为电力开关数字化（E-mail：radiumh@foxmail.com）。
  耿英三（1963—），男，博士，教授，主要研究方向为电器智能化理论与技术、真空电弧理论及真空电器等（通信作者）（E-mail：ysgeng@mail.xjtu.edu.cn）。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB2403700)
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.007
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-03-08，
  
  修回：2026-05-30，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-16
- 稿件说明：
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黄镭, 耿英三, 王建华, 等. 高压断路器数字化样机技术[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(9):60-68,78.

HUANG Lei, GENG Yingsan, WANG Jianhua, et al. Review for Digital Prototype Technology of High-voltage Circuit Breakers[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(9): 60-68,78.
黄镭, 耿英三, 王建华, 等. 高压断路器数字化样机技术[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(9):60-68,78. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.007.

HUANG Lei, GENG Yingsan, WANG Jianhua, et al. Review for Digital Prototype Technology of High-voltage Circuit Breakers[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(9): 60-68,78. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.007.

摘要

高压断路器是电力系统控制与保护的关键装备，具有高电压、大电流、结构封闭、动作过程瞬态性强以及内部状态难以直接测量等特点，给状态评估与智能运维带来挑战。文中围绕高压断路器数字化样机的关键技术进行综述，分析数字孪生关键技术及数字化样机的功能定位；从开断、绝缘、温升和机械动作等物理域归纳高压断路器的数字化需求，阐述低侵入感知条件下内部不可测状态的重构需求，并从实时性、物理可解释性、模型一致性3个方面总结数字化样机面临的技术挑战；进一步梳理面向在线应用的实时推演/反演建模、模型校正与一致性评估以及物理—数据融合建模方法。最后，对高压断路器数字化样机在多源数据融合、快速模型构建、可信评估和标准化方面的发展趋势进行展望。

Abstract

High-voltage circuit breakers are critical devices for control and protection in power systems. They are characterized by high voltage

large current

enclosed structures

highly transient operating processes

and difficulty in directly measuring internal states

which pose challenges to condition assessment and intelligent operation as well as maintenance. In this paper

the key technologies of digital prototype for high-voltage circuit breakers is reviewed. The key technologies of digital twins and the functional positioning of the digital prototype is firstly analyzed. Then

the digitalization requirements of high-voltage circuit breakers are summarized from such multiple physical domains as interruption

insulation

temperature rise and mechanical operation. The reconstruction requirements of internal unmeasurable states under low-intrusion sensing conditions are discussed

and the main technical challenges faced by the digital prototype are summarized in terms of real-time performance

physical interpretability and model consistency. Furthermore

real-time forward/inverse modeling

model calibration and consistency evaluation

as well as physics-data fusion modeling methods for online applications are reviewed. Finally

the development trends of the digital prototype for high-voltage circuit breakers are discussed from the perspectives of multi-source data fusion

rapid model construction

trustworthy evaluation and standardization.

关键词

Keywords

references

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