基于堆叠自编码器的雷电冲击下电抗器匝间短路预测

宗万里; 刘香江; 杨哲; 苏洋; 郭是凯华; 董西宏

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.017

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基于堆叠自编码器的雷电冲击下电抗器匝间短路预测

电力设备故障识别、预测与保护技术 | 更新时间：2026-09-10

- 基于堆叠自编码器的雷电冲击下电抗器匝间短路预测
- Inter-turn Short Circuit Prediction of Reactors Under Lightning Impulse Based on Stacked Autoencoder
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第9期页码：167-178
- 作者机构：
  
  国网浙江省电力有限公司超高压分公司，杭州 310014
  西安交通大学，西安 710049
- 作者简介：
  
  宗万里（1992—），男，工学学士，高级工程师，主要从事特高压直流输电技术、换流站一次设备运检技术等研究工作（通信作者）（E-mail：zongwanli@vip.163.com）。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.017
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-03-21，
  
  修回：2026-05-22，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-16
- 稿件说明：
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宗万里, 刘香江, 杨哲, 等. 基于堆叠自编码器的雷电冲击下电抗器匝间短路预测[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(9):167-178.

ZONG Wanli, LIU Xiangjiang, YANG Zhe, et al. Inter-turn Short Circuit Prediction of Reactors Under Lightning Impulse Based on Stacked Autoencoder[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(9): 167-178.
宗万里, 刘香江, 杨哲, 等. 基于堆叠自编码器的雷电冲击下电抗器匝间短路预测[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(9):167-178. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.017.

ZONG Wanli, LIU Xiangjiang, YANG Zhe, et al. Inter-turn Short Circuit Prediction of Reactors Under Lightning Impulse Based on Stacked Autoencoder[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(9): 167-178. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.09.017.

摘要

现有研究对干式空心电抗器匝间短路故障的成因分析主要聚焦于制造缺陷与长期老化，而对雷电冲击这一具体诱因缺乏定量分析与故障溯源手段。文中以±800 kV干式空心电抗器为研究对象，首先采用多导体传输线理论与高频分布参数模型，结合Ansys电磁仿真与Simulink波过程分析，揭示了雷电冲击下电抗器绕组的匝间电压分布规律；文中将堆叠自编码器与高斯过程相结合，应用于雷电冲击下干式空心电抗器匝间电压分布的快速预测；与现有基于主成分分析的线性降维方法及单层自编码器相比，SAE-GP模型通过深度堆叠结构有效捕捉了匝间电压分布中的非线性空间特征，在小样本条件下实现了更高的预测精度与故障定位准确率。最后，以浙江某换流站电抗器雷击事故为例，利用故障录波数据验证了所提方法在故障溯源中的实用性，为干式空心电抗器的雷电冲击故障溯源及主动预警提供了理论依据与技术支撑。

Abstract

Existing research on the causes analysis of inter-turn short-circuit faults in dry-type air-core reactors primarily focuses on manufacturing defects and long-term aging

while lacking quantitative analysis and fault tracing methods specifically for the trigger of lightning impulse. In this paper the ±800 kV dry-type air-core reactors are taken as the subject of study. First

the inter-turn voltage distribution of reactor winding under lightning impulse conditions is revealed by using the multi-conductor transmission line theory and high-frequency distributed parameter models

along with Ansys electromagnetic simulation and Simulink wave process analysis. The stacked autoencoder is combined with Gaussian processes(SAE-GP)in this paper for rapid prediction of inter-turn voltage distribution of dry type air-core reactor under lightning impulse condition. Compared with existing linear dimensionality reduction methods based on principal component analysis and single-layer autoencoders

the SAE-GP model can effectively capture nonlinear spatial features in inter-turn voltage distributions through its deep stacking structure

achieving higher prediction accuracy and fault localization precision even under small sample conditions. Finally

taking a lightning strike incident at a converter station in Zhejiang province as a case study

the fault recorder data is utilized to verify the practicality of the proposed method in fault tracing

which provides theoretical basis and technical support for lightning inpulse fault tracing and active early warning of dry-type air-core reactors.

关键词

Keywords

references

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