温度分布及绝缘表面凝露对SF<sub>6</sub>绝缘柱上真空断路器内部电场的影响

桂媛; 马光耀; 王智晖; 朱成昊; 徐若旋; 李昕玥; 刘士驹; 唐志国

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.10.006

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温度分布及绝缘表面凝露对SF₆绝缘柱上真空断路器内部电场的影响

研究与分析 | 更新时间：2026-10-14

- 温度分布及绝缘表面凝露对SF₆绝缘柱上真空断路器内部电场的影响
- Influence of Temperature Distribution and Surface Condensation on the Internal Electric Field of SF₆-insulated Pole-mounted Vacuum Circuit Breakers
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第10期页码：50-58
- 作者机构：
  
  国网北京市电力公司电力科学研究院，北京 100192
  国网北京市电力公司，北京 100031
  国网北京市电力公司大兴供电公司，北京 102600
  华北电力大学，北京 102206
- 作者简介：
  
  桂媛（1988—），女，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为配电网设备状态评价与诊断分析（通信作者）（E-mail：331892271@qq.com）。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.10.006
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-05-08，
  
  修回：2026-07-23，
  
  纸质出版：2026-10-16
- 稿件说明：
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桂媛, 马光耀, 王智晖, 等. 温度分布及绝缘表面凝露对SF₆绝缘柱上真空断路器内部电场的影响[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(10):50-58. DOI: 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.10.006.

GUI Yuan, MA Guangyao, WANG Zhihui, et al. Influence of Temperature Distribution and Surface Condensation on the Internal Electric Field of SF₆-insulated Pole-mounted Vacuum Circuit Breakers[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(10): 50-58. DOI: 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.10.006.
桂媛, 马光耀, 王智晖, 等. 温度分布及绝缘表面凝露对SF₆绝缘柱上真空断路器内部电场的影响[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(10):50-58. DOI: 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.10.006. DOI：

GUI Yuan, MA Guangyao, WANG Zhihui, et al. Influence of Temperature Distribution and Surface Condensation on the Internal Electric Field of SF₆-insulated Pole-mounted Vacuum Circuit Breakers[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(10): 50-58. DOI: 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.10.006. DOI：

摘要

柱上开关作为配网中的关键设备，其稳定运行直接关系到电网的供电安全。近年来柱上开关故障频发，故障案例解体分析表明设备密封老化失效导致内部受潮是直接诱因。鉴于受潮与设备内部温度分布以及电场畸变之间密切相关，并最终引发绝缘劣化失效。为此，文中以ZW20-12/630 A型真空断路器为例，仿真研究了温度及绝缘表面凝露对开关内部电场的畸变。首先根据ZW20型柱上开关CAD图纸建立了二维仿真模型，采用有限元软件Ansys maxwell仿真计算了正常设备内部的介质及导体损耗，进而通过fluent软件计算了开关内部温度场分布，并将温度场数据导入到电场计算模块，根据温度分布修正材料介电常数，得到计及温度作用下的电场分布情况；在设备易受潮部位添加凝露模型，研究了3种不同受潮缺陷情况对电场分布的影响。结果表明：设备内部温度分布和表面凝露对设备内部电场造成了不同程度的畸变，进线套管部位等部分区域电场畸变甚至超出气体绝缘介质的耐电强度，极易引发局部放电并进而诱发绝缘故障。文中的研究成果对于解释柱上开关受潮引发绝缘故障的机理，并发展相应的检测手段奠定了理论基础。

Abstract

Pole-mounted switch is a critical equipment in distribution network

and its stable operation is essential to the safety of power grid. In recent years

the pole-mounted witch has experienced frequent failures. Post-failure disassembly analysis shows that moisture ingress caused by aging failure of equipment seal is the direct contributign factor. Given that moisture ingress is closely correlated with the internal temperature distribution and electric field distortion within the equipment

it ultimately leads to insulation degradation and failure. To this end

in this paper typeZW20-12/630 Avacuum circuti breaker is taken as an example to study and simulate the distortion of the internal electric field caued by temperature and surface condensation on the insulation. First

a two-dimensional simulation model is established based on the CAD drawings of the pole-mounted switch. The finite element software Ansys maxwell is used to simulate and calculate the dielectric and conductor losses inside the normal equipment. Then

the internal temperature filed distribution of the pole-mounted switch is calculated through fluent software

the obatined temperature field data is imported into the electric filed calculation module

where the dielectric constant of the material is corrected in accordance with the temperature distribution

thereby obtaining the electric field distribution taking into account the temperature.The condensation model is added to the moisture-prone parts of the polemounted switch to study the influence of three moisture conditions on the electric field distribution. The results show that both internal temperature distribution and surface condensation cause varying degree of electric fieldd distortion inside the equipment. The electric field distrotion in certain area such as incoming bushing area even exceeds the dielectric strength of the gas insulated medium

which can readily trigger partial discharge and subsequently lead to insulation failure. The research results in this paper lay a theoretical foundation for explaining the mechanism of insulation failure caused by moisture on the pole-mounted switch and developing the corresponding detection methods.

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Influence of Temperature Distribution and Surface Condensation on the Internal Electric Field of SF6-insulated Pole-mounted Vacuum Circuit Breakers

DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.10.006

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

温度分布及绝缘表面凝露对SF₆绝缘柱上真空断路器内部电场的影响

Influence of Temperature Distribution and Surface Condensation on the Internal Electric Field of SF₆-insulated Pole-mounted Vacuum Circuit Breakers