故障模拟油纸绝缘套管油中溶解气体变化特性

刘琴; 罗晓庆; 谢雄杰; 刘泰蔚; 胡伟; 叶奇明

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.019

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

故障模拟油纸绝缘套管油中溶解气体变化特性

研究与分析 | 更新时间：2026-07-06

- 故障模拟油纸绝缘套管油中溶解气体变化特性
- Variation Characteristics of Dissolved Gas in Oil for Oil-paper Insulated Bushing Under Fault Simulation
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第7期页码：182-192
- 作者机构：
  
  中国电力科学研究院有限公司电网环境保护全国重点实验室，武汉 430074
- 作者简介：
  
  刘琴（1985—），女，硕士，教授级高工，主要从事高压套管技术、气体绝缘电气设备气状态监测技术、输电线路防污闪技术、电晕损失研究等（通信作者）（E-mail:liuqin2@epri.sgcc.com.cn）。
  罗晓庆（1988—），男，硕士，教授级高工，主要从事套管关键技术和空气间隙特性研究（E-mail:luoxiaoqing@epri.sgcc.com.cn）。
  谢雄杰（1983—），男，博士，教授级高工，主要从事套管关键技术和输电工程设备电晕特性研究（E-mail:xiexiongjie@epri.sgcc.com.cn）。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目(5500-202140114A-0-0-00)
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.019
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-12-15，
  
  修回：2026-02-11，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-16
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
刘琴, 罗晓庆, 谢雄杰, 等. 故障模拟油纸绝缘套管油中溶解气体变化特性[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(7):182-192.

LIU Qin, LUO Xiaoqing, XIE Xiongjie, et al. Variation Characteristics of Dissolved Gas in Oil for Oil-paper Insulated Bushing Under Fault Simulation[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(7): 182-192.
刘琴, 罗晓庆, 谢雄杰, 等. 故障模拟油纸绝缘套管油中溶解气体变化特性[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(7):182-192. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.019.

LIU Qin, LUO Xiaoqing, XIE Xiongjie, et al. Variation Characteristics of Dissolved Gas in Oil for Oil-paper Insulated Bushing Under Fault Simulation[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(7): 182-192. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.019.

摘要

少油类设备通过内部填充绝缘油进行内绝缘，在发生放电或过热故障时，会引起绝缘油劣化而产生H

、烃类气体、CO、CO

等溶解气体，严重时会导致设备爆炸。文中模拟了油纸绝缘套管放电类（绝缘受潮、主绝缘设计、工艺缺陷）和过热类（载流结构件故障）典型故障，并对故障套管油中溶解气体进行监测。研究结果表明4种绝缘故障下，产气量由小到大依次为层间气泡、绝缘受潮、主绝缘设计缺陷和极板缺陷；故障套管施加额定电压下，会产生局部放电，会持续产生H

4种绝缘故障H

的产气速率随加压时间呈现缓慢增长并逐渐趋于饱和的趋势；4种绝缘故障下C

的产气速率随加压时间呈现先缓慢增长后快速增长的趋势，快速增长出现的时间不同，其中极板缺陷和主绝缘设计缺陷后期C

产气速率增长较快，绝缘受潮和层间气泡后期C

产气速率增长较缓。载流结构件缺陷套管烃类气体产气量由少到多分别为C

、CH

、C

体积分数较H

多，总烃产气量较绝缘放电大，H

的产气速率随加压时间呈现持续缓慢增长的趋势，但载流结构件缺陷下H

产气速率较绝缘缺陷慢，C

产气速率较绝缘缺陷快。文中主要结论对于少油类设备产气下的故障分析具有重要的意义。

Abstract

For oil-less equipment

internal insulation is achieved by filling with insulating oil. In case of discharge or overheating faults

the insulating oil deteriorates

generating such dissolved gases as H

hydrocarbons

CO and CO

. Under severe cases

this may cause equipment to explore. In this paper such typical faults of oil-paper insulation bushing as discharge type（insulation moisture

main insulation design and process defects）and overheating type （fault of current-carrying structure）are simulated

and the dissolved gas in the oil in the fault bushing is monitored. The study results show that

under four types of insulation faults

the gas production volume in ascending order is interlayer bubble

insulation moisture

design effect in the main insulation and electrode plate defect. In case of applying rated voltage on the fault bushing

partial discharge will generated and H

is continuously generated. For four types of insulation faults

the gas generation rate of H

shows a slow increase and gradually tends to saturation with the voltage application time. The gas generation rate of C

under four types of insulation faults shows a trend of slow increase at first and then rapid increase with voltage application time. The occurrence time of fast increase is different

in which the later-stage C

generation rate increases dhaply for electrode plate defects and main insulation design defects

but increases modestly for insulation moisture and interlayer bubble. The hydrocarbon gas generation volume of the fault bushing of the current-carrying structural parts from less to more isC

and C

the volume fractino of C

is more than that of H

The total hydrocarbon gas generation volume is larger than insulation discharge

the gas generation rate of H

shows a continuous and slow increase trend with the voltage appli cation time. However

under the defect of current-carrying structue

the H

gas generation rate is slower than the insulation defect

but the C

gas generation rate is faster than insulation defect. The main

conclusions of this paper are of great significance for fault analysis under gas generation in oil-less equipment.

关键词

Keywords

references

段成,李丰,杨嘉炜,等.一起110 kV变压器高压套管故障原因分析[J].变压器,2024,61(8):58-61.

Duan Cheng, Li Feng, Yang Jiawei, et al. Cause analysis of failure of high-voltage bushing of 110 kV transformer[J]. Transformer, 2024,61(8):58-61.

高树国,相晨萌,王丽丽,等.基于振动超声复合信号的变压器套管及升高座故障监测方法[J].电瓷避雷器,2024(1):177-186.

Gao Shuguo, Xiang Chenmeng, Wang Lili, et al.The monitoring method of transformer bushing and riser by using vibration and ultrasonic composite signal sensor[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2024(1):177-186.

杜伯学,朱闻博,李进,等.换流变压器阀侧套管油纸绝缘研究现状[J].电工技术学报,2019,34(6):1300-1309.

Du Boxue, Zhu Wenbo, Li Jin, et al.Research status of oil-paper insulation for valve side bushing of converter transformer[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2019,34(6):1300-1309.

王欣,施勇,邹德旭,等.550 kV油浸纸套管缺陷仿真分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2025(1):118-126.

Wang Xin, Shi Yong, Zou Dexu, et al. Simulation analysis of defects in 550 kV oil transformer bushing[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2025(1):118-126.

杨定乾,袁曼曼,杜嘉宝.基于油液压力感知的油浸纸绝缘套管缺陷辨识方法研究[J].变压器,2025,62(9):1-10.

Yang Dingqian, Yuan Manman, Du Jiabao. Research on defect identification method of oil-impregnated paper insulation bushing based on oil pressure sensing[J]. Transformer,2025,62 (9):1-10.

何金良,孙岗,袁之康,等.含有非线性电场均化层的高压套管电场分布特性[J].高电压技术,2023,49(1):179-187.

He Jinliang, Sun Gang, Yuan Zhikang, et al. Electric field distribution characteristics of high-voltage bushing with nonlinear electric field grading layer[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2023,49 (1):179-187.

孙宇晗,卢智成,刘振林,等.1100 kV特高压套管地震模拟振动台试验[J].高电压技术,2017,43(12):4139-4144.

Sun Yuhan, Lu Zhicheng, Liu Zhenlin, et al. Earthquake simulation shaking table test for 1 100 kV UHV bushing[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(12):4139-4144.

李志超,李卫国,夏喻,等.基于模糊综合评判的变压器套管绝缘状态评估[J].中国电力,2018,51(4):22-26.

Li Zhichao, Li Weiguo, Xia Yu, et al. Insulation condition assessment of transformer bushing based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J]. Electric Power,2018,51(4):22-26.

黄明亮,兰生.140℃与常温条件下油纸绝缘沿面放电产气特性[J].绝缘材料,2018,51(6):47-53.

Huang Mingliang, Lan Sheng. Gas generation characteristics of surface discharge of oil-paper insulation under 140 ℃ and room temperature[J]. Insulating Materials,2018,51(6):47-53.

胡小博,李坤,陈荣,等.天然酯绝缘油在油纸界面放电故障条件下的分解产气特性研究[J].绝缘材料,2019,52(11):70-74.

Hu Xiaobo, Li Kun, Chen Rong, et al. Gas generation characteristics of natural ester under discharge fault at oil pressboard interface[J]. Insulating Materials,2019,52(11):70-74.

刘杉,宋胜利,卢理成,等.±800 kV特高压直流穿墙套管故障分析及设计改进[J].高电压技术,2019,45(9):2928-2935.

Liu Sha, Song Shengli, Lu Licheng, et al. Failure analysis and design improvement of ±800 kV HUVDC wall bushings[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2019,45(9):2928-2935.

张晨晨,丁国成,陈庆涛,等.基于频域介电谱的一起110 kV变压器套管故障分析[J].变压器,2019,56(5):77-80.

Zhang Chenchen, Ding Guocheng, Chen Qingtao, et al. Fault analysis of 110 kV transformer bushing based on FDS[J]. Transformer,2019,56(5):77-80.

胡伟,许佐明,尹朋博,等.闭式重力热管与换流变阀侧套管一体化技术[J].高电压技术,2019,45(7):2314-2321.

Hu Wei, Xu Zuoming, Yin Pengbo, et al. Integrated technology of gravity heat pipe and valve side bushing of converter transformer[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2019,45(7):2314-2321.

张毅涛.油纸绝缘套管典型缺陷放电及产气规律研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2021.

Zhang Yitao. Study on discharge and gas generation characteristics of typical defects in oil-impregnated paper bushing[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2021.

刘琴,谢雄杰,胡伟,等.油绝缘典型电极放电产气特性对比分析[J].中国电力,2021,54(12):186-194.

Liu Qin, Xie Xiongjie, Hu Wei, et al. Comparative analysis on discharge gas production characteristics of typical electrodes with oil insulation[J]. Electric Power,2021,54(12):186-194.

张璐,王文森,韩彦华,等.基于多维参量复合感知的变压器套管智能监测[J].高电压技术,2022,48(8):2934-2944.

Zhang Lu, Wang Wensen, Han Yanhua, et al. Intelligent monitoring of transformer bushing based on multi - parameter compound sensing[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2022,48(8):2934-2944.

张璐,孙蕾,韩彦华,等.不同缺陷下油纸绝缘套管中氢气生成特性研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2021,37(7):44-50.

Zhang Lu, Sun Lei, Han Yanhua, et al. Hydrogen generation characteristics of the oil paper insulated bushing with different inside defects[J]. Power System and Clean Energy,2021,37(7):44-50.

穆海宝,赵浩翔,张大宁,等.变压器油纸绝缘套管多参量智能感知技术研究[J].高电压技术,2020,46(6):1903-1912.

Mu Haibao, Zhao Haoxiang, Zhang Daning, et al. Study on multiparameter intelligent sensing technology for transformer oil-paper bushing[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2020,46(6):1903-1912.

苑清,齐波,张书琦,等.交直流复合电压下油纸绝缘典型缺陷产气特性[J].电网技术,2018,42(9):3093-3100.

Yuan Qing, Qi Bo, Zhang Shuqi, et al. Gas generating characteristics of oil-paper defect models under composite AC-DC voltage[J]. Power System Technology,2018,42(9):3093-3100.

郭昱均,季启政,何锋,等.平板型电极微腔放电的特性[J].高电压技术,2019,45(3):820-825.

Guo Yujun, Ji Qizheng, He Feng, et al. Discharge characteristic in micro-channel of plate electrodes[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2019,45(3):820-825.

陈鑫,郝建,冯大伟,等.三元混合式绝缘油和矿物油的雷电冲击击穿及产气特性对比分析研究[J].电工技术学报, 2020,35(4):906-918.

Chen Xin, Hao Jian, Feng Dawei, et al. Comparative study on lightning impulse breakdown and gas production characteristics of three-element mixed insulation oil and mineral oil[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2020,35(4):906-918.

王纯洁,王黎明,梅红伟,等.三电极结构流注放电试验平台[J].高电压技术,2019,45(1):103-108.

Wang Chunjie, Wang Liming, Mei Hongwei, et al. Streamer discharge test platform with three-electrode structure[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2019,45(1):103-108.

白鹭,李冠良,杨成鹏,等.试验方法及电极布置形式对变压器油局部放电起始电压的影响[J].绝缘材料,2021,54(5):85-91.

Bai Lu, Li Guanliang, Yang Chengpeng, et al. Influence of test methods and electrode arrangement on partial discharge initiation voltage of transformer oil[J]. Insulating Materials,2021,54(5):85-91.

孙巍,朱学成,刘健,等.高寒区域配电变压器套管故障分析及治理措施[J].电瓷避雷器,2021(2):95-99.

Sun Wei, Zhu Xuecheng, Liu Jian, et al. Fault analysis and response measurement for bushing of distribution transformer in alpine region[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2021(2):95-99.

张丙旭.一起干式复合绝缘套管结构问题引起的变压器产气故障[J].变压器,2019,56(2):9-11.

Zhang Bingxu. Transformer gas production fault caused by structure problem of dry-type composite insulating bushing[J]. Transformer,2019,56(2):9-11.

邓疆利,赵文君,施逸,等.基于电磁热多场耦合的变压器用10 kV套管发热数值仿真分析与应用[J].变压器,2025,62 (9):42-46.

Deng Jiangli, Zhao Wenjun, Shi Yi, et al. Numerical simulation analysis and application of electromagnetic thermal coupling of 10 kV transformer sleeve[J]. Transformer,2025,62 (9):42-46.

张润,邱志斌,童志鹏,等.基于红外图像目标检测与偏斜矫正的变压器套管发热缺陷检测方法[J].南方电网技术,2024,18 (9):59-68.

Zhang Run, Qiu Zhibin, Tong Zhipeng, et al.Detection method of transformer bushing thermal defect based on infrared image target detection and skew correction[J]. Southern Power System Technology,2024,18(9):59-68.

戴佺民,齐波,李成榕,等.油浸纸套管尾部受潮故障模拟及早期特征[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(11):2613-2619.

Dai Quanmin, Qi Bo, Li Chengrong, et al. Fault simulation and early characteristics of tail moisture in oil-immigrated paper bushing[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018, 33(11):2613-2619.

陈晋鹏,杨昊,张璐,等.环境温度变化对含局部过热缺陷的油纸套管温升特性影响研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2024(3):131-139.

Chen Jinpeng, Yang Hao, Zhang Lu, et al.Impact of ambient temperature changes on temperature rise characteristics of oip bushings with local overheating defects[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2024(3):131-139.

杜清全,蔡钢,黄晓峰,等.极性反转下特高压换流变阀侧套管电场分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(3):14-19.

Du Qingquan, Cai Gang, Huang Xiaofeng, et al. Electric field distribution of bushing on the HVDC converter transformer's valve side during polarity reversal test[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters, 2013(3):14-19.

王进,袁曼曼,石存金,等.极端热环境下套管硅油纸绝缘特性与击穿特性对比研究[J].变压器,2025,62(7):51-60.

Wang Jin, Yuan Manman, Shi Cunjin, et al. Comparative study on physicochemical and breakdown characteristics of silicone oilpaper insulation under extreme thermal environment[J]. Transformer,2025,62(7):51-60.

汤浩,李金忠,张贺军,等.特高压直流换流变压器阀侧套管高环温强电流下轴径向的温度分布规律[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(18):5494-5503.

Tang Hao, Li Jinzhong, Zhang Hejun, et al. Axial and radial temperature distribution of the valve side bushing in UHVDC converter transformer under high ambient temperature and large current[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(18):5494-5503.

孙希盈,张宏滨,申鹏飞,等.一起220 kV变压器高压套管漏油事故分析[J].变压器,2025,62(8):64-68.

Sun Xiying, Zhang Hongbin, Shen Pengfei, et al. Analysis of 220 kV transformer high-voltage bushing oil leak accident[J]. Transformer,2025,62(8):64-68.

李国友,施勇,邹德旭,等.换流变压器网侧套管典型电连接结构振动失效特性试验及分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2025(1):133-142.

Li Guoyou, Shi Yong, Zou Dexu, et al. Vibration failure characteristics test of typical electric connection structure of converter transformer grid-side bushing[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2025(1):133-142.

严敏超,陈明浩,王稼轩,等.两起变压器套管将军帽发热处理与分析[J].变压器,2025,62(4):65-70.

Yan Minchao, Chen Minghao, Wang Jiaxuan, et al. Treatment and analysis of two cases of general cap of transformer bushing[J]. Transformer,2025,62(4):65-70.

张晋寅,田汇冬,吴泽华,等.基于三维电磁—热—流耦合方法的换流变阀侧干式套管插接结构过热性故障研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2019(5):200-206.

Zhang Jinyin, Tian Huidong, Wu Zehua, et al. Research on plug connector overheat fault of converter transformer RIP bushings based on 3D coupled electromagnetic-thermal-fluid method[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2019(5):200-206.

邓军,吴泽华,周士贻,等.换流变阀侧套管温度分布的计算及其影响因素分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2018(5):164-168.

Deng Jun, Wu Zehua, Zhou Shiyi, et al. Calculation of temperature distribution on converter transformer RIP bushings and analysis on factors of influence[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2018(5):164-168.

谷应科,黄龙,杨旭琼,等.一起220 kV变压器高压侧套管乙炔含量超标原因分析[J].变压器,2024,61(1):66-69.

Gu Yingke, Huang Long, Yang Xuqiong, et al.Cause analysis of acetylene content exceeding standard in high voltage side bushing of 220 kV transformer[J]. Transformer,2024,61(1):66-69.

刘云鹏,董王英,许自强,等.基于卷积神经网络的变压器套管故障红外图像识别方法[J].高压电器,2021,57(10):134-140.

Liu Yunpeng, Dong Wangying, Xu Ziqiang, et al. Infrared image recognition method on fault of ransformer bushing based on convolutional neutral networks[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2021, 57(10):134-140.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

换流变压器油纸绝缘气泡动态行为与高能电弧演化机理及其防治技术综述

局部放电电压及放电时长对油纸绝缘劣化性能的影响研究

JYN1-35（NW）型防凝露防污秽开关柜中环氧树脂穿墙套管的电场分析

新型电力系统在线稳控策略刷新速度评估方法研究

基于三维有限元的交流输电线路电晕噪声分布研究