基于人工智能大模型的光伏系统智能故障诊断方法

李红军; 张丽霞; 洪俊; 李宾宾; 王晨佳

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.022

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基于人工智能大模型的光伏系统智能故障诊断方法

技术讨论 | 更新时间：2026-07-06

- 基于人工智能大模型的光伏系统智能故障诊断方法
- Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Method for Photovoltaic Systems Based on Large Artificial Intelligence Models
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第7期页码：213-220
- 作者机构：
  
  中国西电集团有限公司，西安 710075
- 作者简介：
  
  李红军（1979—），男，本科，工程师，主要从事输配电装备与新能源产业研究与管理工作（通信作者）（E-mail:lihongjun@xd.cee-group.cn）。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.022
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-01-10，
  
  修回：2026-03-19，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-16
- 稿件说明：
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李红军, 张丽霞, 洪俊, 等. 基于人工智能大模型的光伏系统智能故障诊断方法[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(7):213-220.

LI Hongjun, ZHANG Lixia, HONG Jun, et al. Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Method for Photovoltaic Systems Based on Large Artificial Intelligence Models[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(7): 213-220.
李红军, 张丽霞, 洪俊, 等. 基于人工智能大模型的光伏系统智能故障诊断方法[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(7):213-220. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.022.

LI Hongjun, ZHANG Lixia, HONG Jun, et al. Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Method for Photovoltaic Systems Based on Large Artificial Intelligence Models[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(7): 213-220. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.07.022.

摘要

本研究将大语言模型技术应用于光伏故障诊断，搭建了一套支持自然语言交互的智能故障诊断系统。系统采用数据、逻辑、响应3层协同架构，通过定时任务持续同步实时运行数据，运用统计方法完成分析，并结合负载率指标实现设备与拓扑层面的异常监测。本研究的核心创新在于引入大模型的自然语言理解能力，运维人员可直接用日常语言查询和分析故障，系统能准确识别用户需求并给出专业诊断结果。系统还采用实时数据库缓存、预计算策略与多级容错机制，在保障诊断精度的前提下，将平均响应时间控制在800 ms以内。实际应用结果表明，该系统可有效缩短故障排查周期，提升光伏电站运维效率，具备较强的工程实用价值与智能化应用效果。

Abstract

In this study

the large language model technology is used to photovoltaic fault diagnosis and an intelligent fault diagnosis system supporting natural language interaction is constructed. The system adopts a three-layer collaborative architecture consistign of data

logic and response. It continuously synchronizes real-time operational data through scheduled tasks

performs analysis using statistical methods

and integrates load rate indicators to achhieve anomaly monitoring at both equipment and topology levels. The core innovation of this study lies in introducing the natural language understanding capability of large models. Maintenance personnel can directly query and analyze faults using natural language

and the system can accurately recognize user intent and provide professional diagnostic results. Moreover

the system also uses real-time database caching

precomputation strategies

and a multilevel fault tolerance mechanism to keep the everage response time within 800 ms while ensursing diagnostic accuracy.The practical application result shows that the system can effectively shorten the fault diagnosis cycle

improve the operation and maintenance efficiency of photovoltaic power plant and possess strong engineering practial value as well as intelligent application effectiveness.

关键词

Keywords

references

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