户内变压器火灾烟气及温度时空发展特性研究

苏文; 范明豪; 王海伟; 杨康博; 黄钰期

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.04.008

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户内变压器火灾烟气及温度时空发展特性研究

研究与分析 | 更新时间：2026-04-08

- 户内变压器火灾烟气及温度时空发展特性研究
- Study on the Spatial and Temporal Development Characteristics of Fire Smoke and Temperature in Indoor Transformer
- 高压电器 2026年62卷第4期页码：74-81
- 作者机构：
  
  国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，合肥 230022
  国网安徽省电力有限公司合肥分公司，合肥 230022
  浙江大学能源工程学院，杭州 310027
- 作者简介：
  
  苏文（1987—），男，硕士，工程师，主要从事电力维护防灾工作。
  范明豪（1975—），男，博士，正高级工程师，研究方向为电力防灾救灾（通信作者）（E-mail：mhfansfp@163.com）。
- 基金信息：
  
  国网安徽省电力有限公司科技项目。Project Supported by Science and Technology Project of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co., Ltd..(B3120522001D)
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.04.008
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-10-11，
  
  修回：2025-12-27，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-16
- 稿件说明：
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苏文, 范明豪, 王海伟, 等. 户内变压器火灾烟气及温度时空发展特性研究[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(4):74-81.

SU Wen, FAN Minghao, WANG Haiwei, et al. Study on the Spatial and Temporal Development Characteristics of Fire Smoke and Temperature in Indoor Transformer[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(4): 74-81.
苏文, 范明豪, 王海伟, 等. 户内变压器火灾烟气及温度时空发展特性研究[J]. 高压电器, 2026,62(4):74-81. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.04.008.

SU Wen, FAN Minghao, WANG Haiwei, et al. Study on the Spatial and Temporal Development Characteristics of Fire Smoke and Temperature in Indoor Transformer[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(4): 74-81. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.04.008.

摘要

水喷雾系统是变压器火灾抑制的重要手段。文中针对配备水喷雾系统的变压器室，利用FDS软件对喷雾作用下的变压器室火灾发展进行了数值模拟研究，获得火灾发展过程中的变压器室温度变化和碳烟生成及分布规律。结果表明：对于无喷雾作用的情况，处于燃烧区域的观测点1的最高温度可以达到966℃，之后逐渐下降，最终在500℃附近波动。燃烧产生的碳烟产生后首先聚集于变压器室顶部，然后向四周扩散，最终逐渐弥漫整个变压器室。喷雾的作用主要体现在降低火灾进程中同一时间的热释放速率及温度，但对室内的烟羽流运动影响不大。喷雾液滴的运动与碳烟的运动轨迹接近。变压器室近壁面处的温度主要受到碳烟扩散的影响。

Abstract

Water spray system is an important means for fire suppression of transformer. As for the transformer chamber equipped with water spray system

in this paper the FDS software is used to conduct numerical simulation research on the development of the fire in transformer chamber under the action of spray

and obtain the temperature variation and soot generation as well as distribution during the fire development process. The results show that in case of no spray the maximum temperature of observation point 1 in the combustion zone can reach 966℃

then gradually decreases and finally fluctuates around 500℃. The soot generated by combustion firstly accumulates at the top of the transformer chamber

then spreads around

and at last gradually diffuses throughout the entire transformer chamber. The role of the spray is mainly reflected in reducing the heat release rate and temperature at the same time during the fire process

but it has little effect on the indoor smoke plume movement. The motion of spray droplets is close to that of soot. The temperature near the wall of the transformer chamber is mainly affected by the diffusion of soot.

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references

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