The fault detection and prevention of dry-type reactor become the difficulty of operation and maintenance of substation equipment due to the lack of localization and technical judgment means for the early discharge fault of the dry-type reactor. In this paper

a kind of optical detection and localization method of reactor discharge based on the SiC solar-blind avalanche photodiode line array and photon irradiation image transformation is proposed. Firstly

the TracePro optical path simulation model of the reactor is set up and the optical propagation characteristics and irradiance distribution inside the equipment

in case of discharge at different positions between turns

is explored. Based on the above law

the optimal arrangement of the optical sensor line array is proposed

a linear ultraviolet (UV) solar-blind photoelectric push-sweep array for the reactor structure is designed and the response relationship of the discharge light source on each unit of the line array is obtained by simulation. On this basis

the characteristic of optical signal matrix is extracted. The KNN and CNN algorithms are used for data training and ultimately the three-dimensional localization of the inter-turn insulation discharge of the reactor is achieved. This research not only provides theoretical guidance but also serves as a practical basis for the development of push-sweep SiC solar-blind UV array of dry-type reactor.