MMC Voltage Balancing Strategy Based on Switching Number Optimization

CHANG Liguo; XU Hong; SUN Xiaoping; ZHENG Quanxu; TU Xiaogang

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.06.015

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MMC Voltage Balancing Strategy Based on Switching Number Optimization

Research & Analysis | 更新时间：2026-06-10

- MMC Voltage Balancing Strategy Based on Switching Number Optimization
- High Voltage Apparatus Vol. 62, Issue 6, Pages: 122-129(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安西电电力系统有限公司，西安 710065
  南方电网超高压输电公司，广州 510663
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.06.015
  CLC：
- Received：03 November 2025，
  
  Revised：2026-01-17，
  
  Published：16 June 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
CHANG Liguo, XU Hong, SUN Xiaoping, et al. MMC Voltage Balancing Strategy Based on Switching Number Optimization[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(6): 122-129.
DOI：

CHANG Liguo, XU Hong, SUN Xiaoping, et al. MMC Voltage Balancing Strategy Based on Switching Number Optimization[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(6): 122-129. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.06.015.

摘要

模块化多电平换流器（modular multilevel converter，MMC）控制指标中子模块均压效果和绝缘栅双极型晶体管（insulated gate bipolar transistor，IGBT）开关频率相互制约，为了能在保证均压效果的同时降低开关频率，文中提出了一种基于投切交换数优化的均压策略。文中通过分析均压效果变化趋势，并对IGBT开关变位进行分类，提出用当前桥臂电流值来计算投入模块和切除模块的投切交换数。当桥臂电流值小于设定值，根据调制变化就能达到均压效果时，将投切交换数置零；否则根据桥臂电流值实时修正均压阈值，并根据修正后的均压阈值、桥臂电流方向、投入模块数修正值和子模块电压排序结果来计算投切交换数。最后根据投入模块数修正值和投切交换数来刷新触发脉冲。本策略可在不同功率水平下保证均压效果的稳定，同时有效降低开关频率。最后通过构建基于RTLAB实时仿真系统的半实物仿真平台验证了所提策略的有效性。

Abstract

In the control incices of the modular multilevel converter (MMC)

the voltage balancing effect of the submodel and switching frequency of the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBTs) impose mutual constraints. To reduce the switching frequency while maintaining the voltage balancing effect

in this paper a voltage balancing strategy based on the optimization switching number is proposed. By analyzing the variation trend of voltage balancing effect and classifying the switching actions of IGBT

it is proposed to use the current arm current value to calculate the the switching number between inserted modules and removed modules. When arm current value is less than the set value and voltage balancing effect of SMs can be achieved in accordnce with modulation variation

the switching number is set to zero. Otherwise the threshold of voltage balancing effect is corrected in accordance with real-time arm current value

and the switching numbers are calculated based on the corrected voltage threshold

the direction of arm current

the corrected number of inserted modules and the sorting results of the submodule voltages. Finally

the trigger pulses are refreshed based on the corrected number of inserted modules and the switching number. This strategy can ensure the stability of voltage balancing at different power levels and

at the same time

reduce effectively switching frequency. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified by constructing a simulation platform based on RTLAB real-time simulation system.

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references

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