Precise Location Method for High Impedance Faults in Distribution Cables Based on Self-generated Wavelet Transform

YAN Youxiang; WU Tong; LI Zhenjia; CHEN Jingyi; LIN Zhixiong

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.10.010

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Precise Location Method for High Impedance Faults in Distribution Cables Based on Self-generated Wavelet Transform

Panoramic State Intelligent Perception Technology for Power Equipment | 更新时间：2025-10-21

- Precise Location Method for High Impedance Faults in Distribution Cables Based on Self-generated Wavelet Transform
- High Voltage Apparatus Vol. 61, Issue 10, Pages: 82-93(2025)
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- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.10.010
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- Received：28 March 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-06-21，
  
  Published：16 October 2025
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YAN Youxiang, WU Tong, LI Zhenjia, et al. Precise Location Method for High Impedance Faults in Distribution Cables Based on Self-generated Wavelet Transform[J]. High voltage apparatus, 2025, 61(10): 82-93.
DOI：

YAN Youxiang, WU Tong, LI Zhenjia, et al. Precise Location Method for High Impedance Faults in Distribution Cables Based on Self-generated Wavelet Transform[J]. High voltage apparatus, 2025, 61(10): 82-93. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.10.010.

摘要

高阻故障是配电电缆常见故障形式之一，其准确定位对提升电网运行可靠性具有重要意义。针对传统小波变换中母小波需预设、难以与实际故障信号特征自适应匹配的问题，文中提出一种基于自生成小波变换的高阻故障定位方法。首先利用ATP-EMTP建立电缆分布参数模型，分析高阻故障击穿的波传播特性。其次，以故障波形初始段自适应生成母小波，并进行连续小波变换提取特征频率，实现故障精确定位。仿真结果表明，所提方法平均定位误差仅为0.168%，在鲁棒性、计算效率及采样频率适应性方面均优于传统过零点检测、傅里叶变换、Morlet小波及Gaus1小波方法。实验室搭建了10 kV人工高阻故障平台，测试结果显示所提出方法的平均定位误差为0.731%，显著其他对比方法。该方法具备较高的定位精度与实际工程可行性，为高阻故障快速定位与抢修提供了有效技术支撑。

Abstract

High impedance faults are one of the most common failure types in distribution cables. Precise location of such faults is essential for ensuring grid reliability. However

aiming at the problem that the mother wavelet in traditional wavelet transform (WT) requires preseting and is difficult to adaptively match the characteristics of actual transient fault signals

a high-impedance fault location method based on self-generated wavelet transform is proposed in this paper. First

the distributed-parameter model of the cable is set up using ATP-EMTP to analyze the propagation behavior induced by high impedance faults breakdown. Then

a mother wavelet is adaptively constructed from the initial segment of the fault waveform. Continuous wavelet transform is applied to extract the characteristic frequency for precise fault localization. Simulation results show that the the average location error of the proposed method is only 0.168%

and is superior to traditional zero-crossing detection

Fourier transform (FFT)

Morlet wavelets and Gaus1 wavelet in terms of robustness

computational efficiency and sampling-rate adaptability. The 10 kV artifical high impedance fault platform is set up in the laboratory. The test reault shows that the average error by the proposed method is 0.731%

which is more remarkable than other comparision methods. The method possesses higher location accuracy and practical engineering feasibility

offering an effective technical support a practical solutio for fast and reliable fault location.

关键词

Keywords

references

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