Research on Electromagnetic Disturbance Intensity Distribution During Lightning Wave Intrusion into Substations

LANG Yifan; CHENG Yangchun; LIANG Ziyan; GAO Shirui; LI Guangmao; HE Ninghui

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.10.020

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Research on Electromagnetic Disturbance Intensity Distribution During Lightning Wave Intrusion into Substations

Power Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Technology in New Power System· | 更新时间：2025-10-21

- Research on Electromagnetic Disturbance Intensity Distribution During Lightning Wave Intrusion into Substations
- High Voltage Apparatus Vol. 61, Issue 10, Pages: 191-201(2025)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
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- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.10.020
  CLC：
- Received：25 February 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-06-03，
  
  Published：16 October 2025
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LANG Yifan, CHENG Yangchun, LIANG Ziyan, et al. Research on Electromagnetic Disturbance Intensity Distribution During Lightning Wave Intrusion into Substations[J]. High voltage apparatus, 2025, 61(10): 191-201.
DOI：

LANG Yifan, CHENG Yangchun, LIANG Ziyan, et al. Research on Electromagnetic Disturbance Intensity Distribution During Lightning Wave Intrusion into Substations[J]. High voltage apparatus, 2025, 61(10): 191-201. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.10.020.

摘要

智能传感器是电力设备状态感知和故障预警的重要基础，但变电站的极强的瞬态电磁骚扰会对传感器造成极大冲击，分析雷电波侵入变电站时变电站内的电磁场强度分布能够帮助运行人员找到更合适的传感器安装位置。文中首先以变电站实际电路为基础，在CST（computer simulation technology）微波工作室中建立了一个包含避雷器的110 kV变电站仿真模型，将避雷器等效为非线性电阻，并通过场路协同接口连接到CST软件中，仿真结果与实际情况基本相同。之后通过仿真研究了相邻线路和变压器油箱等金属块对电磁波传播的影响，得出传感器在输电线路、变压器高压套管和变压器油箱周围区域等几个典型位置的最大瞬态电磁场强度分布。最后，将结果与IEC 61000-4-9：2016标准中的脉冲磁场抗扰度测试标准进行了对比，为传感器的安装和电磁兼容性测试标准提出了建议。

Abstract

Intelligent sensors are an critical foundation for the condition perception and fault early warning of power equipment. However

the extremely strong transient electromagnetic disturbance in substations can pose a great threat to the sensors. The analysis of electromagetic intensity distribution in substations during lightning wave intrusion into substations can help the operators to find the most suitable installation positions of the sensros. In this paper

the actual circuit of substataions is taken as the foundation

a simulation model of a typical 110 kV substation including lightning arresters is set up in CST (computer simulation technology) microwave studio

the arrester is equivalent to a non-linear resistor and connected to CST software through a field circuit co-simulation and the simulation result and the actual situation are basically identical.After that

the influence of adjacent transmission lines and metal structures such as transformer tanks on electromagnetic wave propogation is investigated through simulation. The maximum transient electromagnetic field intensity distribution of sensors are at such typical locations as transmission lines

high-voltage bushing of the transformer and the transformer tank. Finally

the result is compared with the criteria of the pulse magnetic field immunity test in IEC 61000-4-9：2016 standard

and suggestions on the installation of sensors and criteria of electromagnetic compatibility tests are proposed.

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references

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