Modeling and Simulation of DC Contactor Opening Action Characteristics

YAN Chenyang; WANG Lijun; ZHANG Wenzhe; HUANG Yifan

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.12.014

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Modeling and Simulation of DC Contactor Opening Action Characteristics

Research & Analysis | 更新时间：2025-12-09

- Modeling and Simulation of DC Contactor Opening Action Characteristics
- High Voltage Apparatus Vol. 61, Issue 12, Pages: 105-112(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘国家重点实验室，西安 710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(52377157)
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.12.014
  CLC：
- Received：29 May 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-08-04，
  
  Published：16 December 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
YAN Chenyang, WANG Lijun, ZHANG Wenzhe, et al. Modeling and Simulation of DC Contactor Opening Action Characteristics[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2025, 61(12): 105-112.
DOI：

YAN Chenyang, WANG Lijun, ZHANG Wenzhe, et al. Modeling and Simulation of DC Contactor Opening Action Characteristics[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2025, 61(12): 105-112. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.12.014.

摘要

直流接触器是一种集机械、电气等多学科领域的控制元件，在新能源和电动汽车领域中得到了广泛应用，而建模仿真是对直流接触器进行数字化设计的一种有效方法。直流接触器的分闸动作主要依靠其反力系统完成，反力系统在直流接触器电磁系统线圈断电后，接触器内部的电磁吸力消失，整个系统受到重力以及触头弹簧与反力弹簧反力的作用，动铁心连带动触头朝着与合闸相反的方向运动从而完成分闸过程。分闸动作特性是衡量直流接触器性能的重要指标，利用软件仿真能快速得到接触器的分闸动作特性，从而降低直流接触器的设计优化成本。文中以并联双线圈式直流接触器为研究对象，结合该类型接触器的结构特性，分析其反力系统的出力特性，利用多体动力学仿真软件Adams建立直流接触器的反力系统动力学模型，对其分闸过程进行仿真分析，同时将分闸仿真结果与实验结果相对比，并研究了弹簧刚度系数、预压力对机构分闸运动特性的影响。研究结果表明，机构分闸动作的仿真结果与理论计算及实验结果吻合较好，验证了该反力系统仿真方法的正确性，为直流接触器整体机构的优化设计提供了参考。

Abstract

DC contactor is a kind of control element integrating mechanical，electrical and other multidisciplinary fields and is used widely in the field of new energy and electric vehicles. However，modeling and simulation are effective methods for digital design of DC contactor. The opening operation of the DC contactor mainly depends on its reaction system. After the coil of the electromagnetic system of the DC contactor is powered off，the electromagnetic attraction inside the contactor disappears. The whole system is subjected to gravity and the reaction force of the contact spring as well as the reaction force of the reaction spring. The armature moves with the moving contact in the opposite direction to the closing so to achieve the opening process. The opening operation characteristic is an important index to measure the performance of DC contactor. The opening operation characteristic of contactor can be quickly obtained by software simulation，thus reducing the design optimization cost of DC contactor. In this paper，the parallel double coil DC contactor is taken as the research object. Combined with the structural characteristics of this type of contactor the output characteristics of its reaction system are analyzed. Multi-body dynamics simulation software Adams is used to set up the dynamic model of the reaction system of the DC contactor. The opening process is simulated and analyzed and，at the same time，the opening simulation results are compared with the experimental results and the influence of spring stiffness coefficient and pre pressure on the opening motion characteristics of the mechanism. The research results show that the simulation results of the opening operation of the mechanism are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation and experimental results，proving the correctness of the simulation method of the reac-tion system and providing a reference for the optimization design of the overall mechanism of the DC contactor.

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references

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