Modeling and Optimization of Three-phase Unbalanced Distribution Network Considering HVAC

CHANG Li; LI Lili; CAO Rongzhang; JI Bin; GONG Jian; WEI Lishen

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.12.028

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Modeling and Optimization of Three-phase Unbalanced Distribution Network Considering HVAC

Technical Discussion | 更新时间：2025-12-09

- Modeling and Optimization of Three-phase Unbalanced Distribution Network Considering HVAC
- High Voltage Apparatus Vol. 61, Issue 12, Pages: 201-208(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  国网电力科学研究院有限公司（南瑞集团）有限公司，南京 211106
  中国地质大学（武汉）自动化学院，武汉 430074
  华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院，武汉 430074
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.12.028
  CLC：
- Received：07 April 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-07-09，
  
  Published：16 December 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
CHANG Li, LI Lili, CAO Rongzhang, et al. Modeling and Optimization of Three-phase Unbalanced Distribution Network Considering HVAC[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2025, 61(12): 201-208.
DOI：

CHANG Li, LI Lili, CAO Rongzhang, et al. Modeling and Optimization of Three-phase Unbalanced Distribution Network Considering HVAC[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2025, 61(12): 201-208. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2025.12.028.

摘要

配电系统正在朝着三相负荷消耗愈加不平衡的方向发展，三相负荷不平衡会显著增加三相电压不平衡，进一步影响三相配网节点电价

DLMP

（distribution locational marginal price）。此外，过大的电压不平衡将会对配电网和用户设备造成巨大的危害。配网中的居民暖通空调（heating，ventilation and air conditioner，HVAC）负荷因其热惯性，在用电行为上具有较大的灵活性，有助于缓解配网三相电压和

DLMP

的不平衡。对此，文中提出一种基于暖通空调负荷改善配网三相电压与三相电价不平衡的建模与优化策略。首先，建立考虑相间耦合关系的三相配网模型，为保证配网安全运行，提出考虑相间电压不平衡裕度限制的安全运行约束；其次，为兼顾模型精度与易求解性，利用泰勒展开法建立了考虑三相耦合的线性网损模型；然后，建立了考虑HVAC用电舒适度的温度—功率聚合模型，并基于此进行三相配电市场的出清优化；最后，将所提模型在IEEE-33节点配电系统上进行了测试，仿真结果表明，引入HVAC这一灵活性资源能有效改善配网三相电压和

DLMP

的不平衡。

Abstract

The power distribution system is developing towards an increasingly imbalance three-phase load consumption. The imbalance three-phase load will significantly increase the unbalanced three-phase voltage，which will affect the three-phase distribution locational marginal price（

DLMP

）further. In addition，excessive voltage imbalance will cause great harm to the distribution network and user’s equipment. The teating，ventilation and air conditio

ner（HVAC）loads in the distribution network have greater flexibility in power consumption behavior due to their thermal inertia，which help to alleviate the imbalance of three-phase voltage and

DLMP

in the distribution network. For this，in this paper a modeling and optimization strategy based on the HVAC load to improve the three-phase voltage imbalance and three-phase

DLMP

is proposed. First，a three-phase distribution network model considering the impedance coupling relationship is set up. To ensure safe operation of the distribution network，a safe operation constraint considering the voltage imbalance limit constraints is proposed. Then，a linear network loss model considering three-phase coupling is set up.After that，a temperature-power aggregation model considering HVAC power consumption comfort is set up and，on this basis，the clearing optimization of the three-phase power distribution market is performed.Finally，the proposed model is tested on a modified IEEE 33-bus system. The simulation result shows that the introduction of HVAC，a flexible resource，can effectively improve the imbalance between three-phase voltage and

DLMP

in the distribution network.

关键词

Keywords

references

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