Research on Cathode Spots Diffusion of New Type of Contacts with Ferromagnetic Material

HE Junlei; YUAN Zhao; CHEN Lixue; MO Wenxiong; LIU Junxiang; ZHU Lu

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.01.003

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Research on Cathode Spots Diffusion of New Type of Contacts with Ferromagnetic Material

Research & Analysis | 更新时间：2026-04-13

- Research on Cathode Spots Diffusion of New Type of Contacts with Ferromagnetic Material
- High Voltage Apparatus Vol. 62, Issue 1, Pages: 18-24(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  华中科技大学强电磁工程与新技术国家重点实验室，武汉　430074
  华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院，武汉　430074
  华中科技大学脉冲功率技术教育部重点实验室，武汉　430074
  广东电网有限公司广州供电局，广州　510420
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.01.003
  CLC：
- Received：01 May 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-08-11，
  
  Published：16 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
HE Junlei, YUAN Zhao, CHEN Lixue, et al. Research on Cathode Spots Diffusion of New Type of Contacts with Ferromagnetic Material[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(1): 18-24.
DOI：

HE Junlei, YUAN Zhao, CHEN Lixue, et al. Research on Cathode Spots Diffusion of New Type of Contacts with Ferromagnetic Material[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(1): 18-24. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.01.003.

摘要

为满足短燃弧时间情况下真空灭弧室的开断需求，文中采用仿真与实验的方法，先根据“马鞍形”分布纵向磁场对真空电弧扩散有利的理论基础，设计了一种加铁磁材料的触头，通过有限元仿真得到其纵向磁场分布特性，接着采用工频触发电弧实验平台对比了新型触头与传统杯状纵磁触头的阴极斑点扩散过程。实验结果表明，加铁磁材料触头的阴极斑点运动到触头一半直径位置后速度有所降低，使之在触头边缘相对稳定燃烧，阴极斑点在触头边缘的密度与中心区域相差不大，阴极斑点覆盖区域较传统杯状纵磁触头更大。文中目前还是主要针对部分燃弧条件下真空电弧的燃弧过程尤其是初始扩散阶段，为短燃弧时间的真空断路器触头设计提供一定的参考。

Abstract

In order to meet the interruption need of vacuum interrupter in the case of minimum arcing time

the simulation and experiment methods are used. A kind of contacts with ferromagnetic material is designed firstly in accordance with the the theory that the saddle-shaped axial magnetic field is beneficial to the diffusion of vacuum arc. Its axial magnetic field distribution characteristic is obtained though FEM simulation. Then

the diffusion process of the cathode spots between the new type of contacts and the traditional cup-shaped contacts with axial magnetic field is compared by using the power frequency triggered arc test platform. The experimental results show that the speed of the cathode spots of the contacts with ferromagnetic material is reduced when the cathode spots reaches half diameter position of the contact

keeping it relatively and stably burning at the edge of the contact. The density of the cathode spots at the edge of the contact is not much different from the central area and the area covered by the cathode spots is larger than that of the traditional cup-shaped contact. This paper mainly focuses on the arcing process of vacuum arc under partial arcing conditions

especially the initial diffusion stage

which can provide a certain reference for the design of contacts used in vacuum circuit breakers with minimum arcing time.

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references

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