Optimization Design of Ventilation，Heat Dissipation and Airflow Organization for Fully Indoor Modular Substations Based on CFD Simulation

SHI Hui; CHEN Lei; SUN Yingchun; QIAN Yuhao; LI Yufei; LIU Zhijian; SHI Yaxin

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.01.007

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Optimization Design of Ventilation，Heat Dissipation and Airflow Organization for Fully Indoor Modular Substations Based on CFD Simulation

Research & Analysis | 更新时间：2026-04-13

- Optimization Design of Ventilation，Heat Dissipation and Airflow Organization for Fully Indoor Modular Substations Based on CFD Simulation
- High Voltage Apparatus Vol. 62, Issue 1, Pages: 50-59(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  国网扬州供电公司，江苏扬州　225001
  扬州浩辰电力设计有限公司，江苏扬州　225001
  华北电力大学（保定），河北保定　071003
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.01.007
  CLC：
- Received：02 July 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-10-11，
  
  Published：16 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
SHI Hui, CHEN Lei, SUN Yingchun, et al. Optimization Design of Ventilation，Heat Dissipation and Airflow Organization for Fully Indoor Modular Substations Based on CFD Simulation[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(1): 50-59.
DOI：

SHI Hui, CHEN Lei, SUN Yingchun, et al. Optimization Design of Ventilation，Heat Dissipation and Airflow Organization for Fully Indoor Modular Substations Based on CFD Simulation[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(1): 50-59. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.01.007.

摘要

全户内模块化110 kV智能变电站因其室内空间有限、电气设备发热集中，在实际运行中暴露出室内平均温度较高、局部温度过高、温湿度控制难度大等问题，不利于电气设备的高效安全运行。因此，文中通过控制进、出风口参数改善室内通风散热和气流组织效果，首先分析了变电站标准化设计与装配式建设中通风散热现状及电气设备发热情况；然后，基于真实情况建立了变电站整体三维物理模型，对温度场分布、气流组织分布等进行仿真模拟。数值模拟结果显示，室内平均温度为48℃，高于110-A2-6设计方案中室内温度设计要求，其中电容器室平均温度最高，未开启风机时温度为55℃；通过对速度场分析发现，电气设备附近空气流速低于1 m/s，室内气流涡旋与积热高温区域近似重合。最后进行优化方案设计，由于，电容器室开启轴流风机后温度为45℃，针对电容器室特点在保证其通风量不变的情况下，考虑气流组织分布通过改变进、出风口大小和位置分布，提出3种优化方案，对比发现“自然进风+机械排风”通风形式在同侧布置时，通过风管将出风口布置于隔离开关架上方，且增大百叶窗宽高比为0.48时，可以使电容器室内温度降低到37℃。为解决全户内模块化变电站通风散热问题提供案例参考。

Abstract

The fully indoor modular 110 kV smart substation

due to its limited indoor space and concentrated heating of electrical equipment

has exposed such problems as high indoor average temperature

excessive partial temperature and difficult temperature and humidity control

which is not conducive to the efficient and safe operation of electrical equipment. Therefore

in this paper the indoor dissipation and airflow organization effect is improved by controlling the inlet and outlet parameters. First

the current status of ventilation and heat dissipation in standardized design and prefabricated construction of substation as well as the heat generation of electrical equipment are analyzed. Then

overall 3D physical model of the substation is set up based on the real situation and the temperature field distribution as well as air flow distribution of simulation are simulated and modeled. The numerical simulation results show that the average indoor temperature is 48℃

which is higher than the indoor temperature design requirements in 110-A2-6 design scheme

in which the average temperature of the capacitor compartment is the highest

which is 55℃when the fan is not operated. It is found through the analysis of the velocity field that the air flow rate near the electrical equipment is less than 1 m/s

and the indoor airflow vortex nearly coincides with the high temperature area. Finally

the design of the optimization scheme is performed. Since the temperature of the the capacitor compartment after switching on the axial fan is 45℃and as for the characteristics of the capacitor compartment as well as ensuring its constant ventilation volume

three optimization schemes are propsoed by changing the size and position distribution with consideration of the air flow organization distribution. It is found by comparison that the ventilation system natural air inlet+ mechanical exhaust is arranged on the same side

the air outlet is arranged above the disconnector frame by the ventilation tube and the shutter width ratio is increased 0.48

the temperature in the capacitor compartment can be reduced to 37℃

which provides a case reference to solve the problem of ventilation and heat dissipation in fully indoor modular substation.

关键词

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