Calculation of Closing Dynamic Characteristics and Analysis of Influencing Factors for Vacuum Circuit Breakers Based on Virtual Prototype Technology

DONG Huajun; LI Dongheng; SHI Jia; KU Zhaoyu; ZHAO Yijian

doi:10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.04.004

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Calculation of Closing Dynamic Characteristics and Analysis of Influencing Factors for Vacuum Circuit Breakers Based on Virtual Prototype Technology

Research & Analysis | 更新时间：2026-04-08

- Calculation of Closing Dynamic Characteristics and Analysis of Influencing Factors for Vacuum Circuit Breakers Based on Virtual Prototype Technology
- High Voltage Apparatus Vol. 62, Issue 4, Pages: 40-47(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  大连交通大学机械工程学院，辽宁大连 116028
  辽宁机电职业技术学院自动控制工程系，辽宁丹东 118009
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.04.004
  CLC：
- Received：07 September 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-12-10，
  
  Published：16 April 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
DONG Huajun, LI Dongheng, SHI Jia, et al. Calculation of Closing Dynamic Characteristics and Analysis of Influencing Factors for Vacuum Circuit Breakers Based on Virtual Prototype Technology[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(4): 40-47.
DOI：

DONG Huajun, LI Dongheng, SHI Jia, et al. Calculation of Closing Dynamic Characteristics and Analysis of Influencing Factors for Vacuum Circuit Breakers Based on Virtual Prototype Technology[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2026, 62(4): 40-47. DOI： 10.13296/j.1001-1609.hva.2026.04.004.

摘要

研究如何改善永磁操动机构动态特性以减小触头合闸弹跳现象对提高真空断路器的工作性能具有重要意义。文中采用Ansoft Maxwell建立12 kV真空断路器单稳态永磁操动机构电磁场仿真模型，通过参数化建模仿真技术对机构永磁体及动铁心的尺寸参数进行优化设计，计算了永磁机构合闸过程动态特性；利用ADAMS建立真空断路器动力学仿真模型，将永磁机构动态计算结果导入ADAMS中作为合闸速度驱动控制，对断路器合闸过程计算得到触头的运动特性；分析了机构合闸线圈参数、触头弹簧预压力和分闸弹簧预压力对真空断路器触头合闸动态特性的影响。计算结果表明：合闸线圈线径与断路器触头合闸速度、触头弹跳时间均呈现正向增长关系，与机构合闸响应时间呈现负向关系；分闸弹簧预压力与机构合闸响应时间呈现正向关系；触头弹簧预压力对触头弹跳时间有着显著负向影响关系，但对触头合闸速度及响应时间影响较小，可忽略不计。

Abstract

Research on how to improve the dynamic characteristics of permanent magnet operating mechanism to reduce the contact closing bounce phenomenon is of great significance for enhancing the operating performance of vacuum circuit breakers. Ansoft Maxwell is used in this paper to set up the electromagnetic field simulation model of the permanent magnet operating mechanism for 12 kV vacuum circuit breaker. The size parameters of the permanent magnet and the plunger of the mechanism are optimized by parametric modeling and simulation technology

and the dynamic characteristics of the permanent magnet mechanism during the closing process is calculated. ADAMS is used to set up the dynamic simulation model of vacuum circuit breaker

and the dynamic calculation results of the permanent magnet mechanism are imported into ADAMS as the closing speed drive control to obtain the motion characteristic of the contact by calculating the closing process of the circuti breaker. The influence of the clsing coil parameters

the pre-pressure of contact spring and the pre-pressure of opening spring on the contact dynamic characteristics of vacuum circuit breaker is analyzed. The calculation results show that the diameter of coil has a positive increase relationship with the closing speed and the bounce time of contact

a negative relationship with the closing response time of the mechansim

and the pre-pressure of the opening spring has a positive relationship with the closing response time of the mechanism. The pre-pressure of contact spring has a significant negative impact on contact bounce time

but has little influence on contact closing speed and response time which can be neglected.

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